STARCH (CGP pg.10 &168)

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AS level Biology (Davison) Mind Map on STARCH (CGP pg.10 &168), created by dolce-n-banana on 12/01/2014.
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Mind Map by dolce-n-banana, updated more than 1 year ago
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STARCH (CGP pg.10 &168)
  1. STARCH-Main energy storage material in plants
    1. Cells get energy from glucose
      1. Plants store excesss glucose as starch (When a plant needs more glucose for energy it breaks down startch to release the glucose)
      2. Insoluble in water, so water doesn't enter the cells through osmosis (it would make them swell) - good for storage
        1. Polysaccharide
        2. Starch is a mixture of two polysaccharides of alpha-glucose (Amylose & Amylopectin)
          1. AMYLOSE
            1. Long, unbranched chain of alpha-glucose
              1. Angles of the glycosidic bond gives it a coiled structure
                1. Makes it compact; good for storage as you can fit more things in small spaces
                2. Held together by 1-4 glycosidic bonds
                3. AMYLOPECTIN
                  1. 1-6 glycosidic bonds (cause branching)
                    1. Long, branched chain of alpha-glucose
                      1. Side branches allow the enzymes that break down the molecule to get at the glycosidic bonds easily
                        1. Means that glucose can released quickly
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