Ghana relies heavily on
cocoa, to earn money.
But the world price for
cocoa goes up and down,
so some years Ghana
earns a lot, but other
years they don't earn
much.
Many Ghanian farmers grow rice to sell, but
rice is coming in much cheaper from Europe,
Asia and USA (where farmers get subsidies).
This has put many of Ghana's rice farmers
out of business.
Ghana's chicken farmers
cannot compete against the
frozen chicken coming from
places like the USA or
Europe.
In exchange for
debt relief,
Ghana is not
allowed to stop
these imports.
(many people
think this is
unfair)
People believe that poor
countries should be allowed to
protect their farmers and
fragile industries.
Ghana
hopes that its
new-found oil
and gas will
help solve its
problems,
and turn the
country into
an MEDC.
Big Debts
Ghana borrowed a lot of
money in the past so it has to
pay lots of interests each year
(less money for development).
In 2004, Ghana was
given debt relief:
richer countries and
the World bank
agreed to cancel over
half its debts.
It still owes $2.6
billion (and still
needs to borrow
more to help it
development)
Historic Reasons
Each Kingdom had
their own language
and culture.
They traded their Gold
for money to the
Europeans
They sold at least
5000 slaves to the
Europeans every
year.
Villages and
families were
torn apart. This
went on for 150
years.
The Europeans
competed to trade
with them and by
1901, Britain had
taken over.
British made the
people from Ghana
pay the taxes to pay
for roads, schools
and hospitals.
The British
shipped out Gold,
Diamonds, Ivory,
Pepper, Timber,
Corn and Cocoa.
In 1957, they gained
independence.
Political Reasons
Since their
independence,
Ghana has
suffered much
political unrest.
The army took over the
country for three
separate periods.
But now it is
stable, under an
elected
government.
People say it will
remain stable.
Environmental Reasons
56% of Ghana's
workforce are farmers.
In the North, land is
turning into desert
(desertification)
This is due to drought,
chopping down trees
and overgrazing.
In the South,
three-quarters of the
rainforest has been
destroyed. (deforestation)
(for timber, firewood
and to grow cocoa)
People gain more
land to farm, but
the exposed soil is
soon useless.
Many people can't afford
fertiliser to improve the soil.
This means
smaller crops to
eat and sell. (more
poverty)