Circulatory System

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7 Science Mind Map on Circulatory System, created by Elizabeth Miles-Flynn on 31/05/2016.
Elizabeth  Miles-Flynn
Mind Map by Elizabeth Miles-Flynn, updated more than 1 year ago
Elizabeth  Miles-Flynn
Created by Elizabeth Miles-Flynn almost 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Circulatory System
  1. Cardiovascular system (aka. circulatory system): Consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.
    1. The cardiovascular system carries needed substances to cells and carries waste products away from cells. In addition, blood contains cells that fight disease.
      1. Delivering Needed Materials=substances (oxygen, glucose) are carried by blood.
        1. Removing Waste Products=picks up waste from cells (carbon dioxide)
          1. Fighting Diseases: Cells attack disease-causing microorganisms.
        2. Heart: Hollow, muscular organism that pumps blood throughout the body.
          1. Each time the heart beats, it pushes blood through the blood vessel of the cardiovascular system.
            1. Heart Parts:
              1. Atrium: Two upper chambers that receives blood that comes from the heart.
                1. Ventricle: Every Atrium has a Ventricle underneath that pumps the blood out of the heart. ATRIA separates ventricles and valves.
                  1. Valve: A flap of tissue that prevents blood from flowing backwards and makes it travel the right direction so that it can travel away from heart to the large blood vessels.
                  2. Functions:
                    1. Heart: Heart muscle relaxes and fills with blood. Heart muscles contract and pumps blood forward. When heart relaxes again and blood flows into chamber. Atria contracts, heart in contracts, goes through valve to ventricles..."LUB". Ventricles contract and blood gets into the blood vessels. Valves, ventricles, and blood vessel closes... "DUP"
                    2. Pacemaker: group of heart cells that sends out signals that causes the heart to contract and relax. Changes depending on how much oxygen the body needs. Excercising=more oxygen, more pumping... Sitting in chair=less oxygen, normal pumping.
                    3. Blood Vessels
                      1. Arteries: The thickest vessel and carries rich blood or a lot of oxygen. 3 layers: Layer of epithelial, smooth muscle, and connective muscle. Flexible to handle enormous blood pressure.
                        1. Can feel pulse by touching the artery and arteries contract and relax as blood is being pumped. Muscles relax=bigger opening. Arteries go to digestive organs and become narrower, and decreases the blood flow towards organs.
                        2. Capillary: Smallest vessel with only a layer of epithelial cells. Materials are exchanged between blood and the body's cells. oxygen and glucose pass through. Cellular waste pass through the capillary vessel and are picked up by blood cells.
                          1. Veins: After blood moves through capillaries, it enters into larger blood vessels which carry blood back to the heart. The walls of veins are like arteries, but walls are thinner. Near skeletal muscles to make blood flow. Larger veins have their own valves to keep blood going towards heart. Breathing movements also cause blood to flow.
                            1. Blood Pressure: Cause the the contraction and relaxation of the ventricles. Farther from ventricles, the less force. Measured by a sphygmomanometer, goes around upper arm, artery is stopped quickly then released. The sphygmomanometer measure first the blood pressure while ventricles contract, then again as the ventricle relaxes. Make fraction of contraction of relaxation of the ventricles.
                            2. Blood: Made up of plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
                              1. Plasma: Liquid part of blood. 90% is water, 10% dissolved material. Carries nutrients, glucose, fats, vitamins, and minerals. Carries chemical messengers the direct body's activities. Cell waste is carried away by plasma. Carries carbon dioxide=cell waste.
                                1. Red blood cells: Take oxygen from the lungs and deliver it to cells all over the body. Looks like a disk pinched-in. Flexible to fit through vessels and heart. Hemoglobin is an iron-containing protein that binds and releases oxygen. Live up to 120 days, die and reproduce 2 million/sec. No nucleus and can't reproduce themselves. Bone marrow makes red and white blood cells.
                                  1. White Blood Cells: Produced by bone marrow. The body's disease fighters that recognize and others kill the bacteria/virus. 1 white blood cell/500-1,000 red blood cell. Have nucleus and can live for months and years.
                                    1. Platelets: Cell fragments that form blood clots. When vessel is cut, platelets collect and stick to the vessel and release a chemical, chain reaction. Produces the protein called fibrin. Blood clot=platelets, blood cells, and fibrin.
                                    2. Lymphatic System: Network of veinlike vessels that returns fluids to the bloodstream. (blood immune system)
                                      1. Lymph: Liquid that leaks out of blood vessels. Travels in one direction. Get filtered by lymph nodes where bacteria is trapped and killed by white blood cells. Then lymph is returned to blood.
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