PSYCHE, meaning Soul, & LOGOS, meaning study of a subject. Chapter 1

Wilhem Wundt, the father of Psychology, opened the first laboratory in 1879, in University of Leipzig. His main focus was consciousnes, psychology became the study of conscious experience.
1. G. Stanley Hall, opened the first Americian research center in America at Johns Hopkins University, after studying with Wundt in Leipzig. He was also a founder and first president of the American Psychology Association.
Sigmond Freud, 1856 - 1939. A controversial figure, with his expolaration of unconciousnes, once suggested " behaviour is influenced with how people cope with sexual urges. " His study of the unconscious led him to believe that a persons actions are greatly influenced by unconcscious thoughts.
STRUCTURALISM, studies based on how our brain's interpretate a stimulus. Mainley intrested in the five senses, sight, sound, vision, hearing and touch. Developed a technique called INTROSPECTION, studies of how a person perceives a stimuli and their perception of it.
1. VRS
  1. FUNCTIONALISM, the purpose or function of consciousnes, and how behaivour adapts or evoloves to a enviroment. The main force behind this ideas was William James, a American scholar. Who beleived that Dawrins evolutionary theory could be applied to humans.
"FREE WILL IS A ILLUSION", B.F Skinner. A Harvard Pschologist who's principle was oragnisms will repeat responses that have a postivive outcome. Also stated "People are controlled by their enviroment, not by themselves.' Needless to say there was much critism and misinterpitation of this statement.
Psychology Adapts, Evolution of the mind. A study into how past behaviours can contribute to current behaviours and gender differences in abilities. Largely due to our ancestoral responsibilties.
7 major research areas of psycology
1. developmental psychology
  1. social pschology
    1. experimental psychology
      1. physiological psychology
        cognitive psychology
        personality
        psychometrics
        Measurments of behaviours and capacities, usually through psychological testing.
        understanding our individual and unique consistancy in behaviour. Also in line with personality assessments and factors that shape personality.
        study of cognitive functions, memory, reasoning, information processing, language, problem solving, descion making and creativity.
        Looks into genetic factors that effect our behaviour, role of the brain and our physiology.
      2. sensation, perception, learning, conditioning, motovation and emotion. Traditional topics common in the first half century.
    2. focuses on interpersonal behaviour, relationships, attitudes, attraction, aggresion
  2. studies human development across the lifespan.
Improving our study habits. 1, Set a schedule 2, Study where you can concentrate 3, Reward your self for studying 4, Read with purpose 5, Take notes during lectures 6, Develope tactical test skills
Professional specialities
1. Clinical Psychology, evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of more serious issues, ie schzophernia.
2. Counselling Psychology, simular to clinical psycology but work with a different clientele, mainly people struggling with everyday problems
3. Education and school psychology, work in the schools. A broad range areas from improving curriculium, acheivment testing to counselling children having diffuclites
4. Industrial and organizational psychology, a wide variety of task from human resource departments to organizing Procedures, i.e. sports psychologist.

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PSYCHE, meaning Soul, & LOGOS, meaning study of a subject. Chapter 1

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	Created by brandy leblanc over 7 years ago