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Water on the Land

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GCSE and A Level AQA A GCSE Physical Paper 1 (5 Water on the Land (Rivers)) Mind Map on Water on the Land, created by John Ditchburn on 20/03/2014.
John Ditchburn
Mind Map by John Ditchburn, updated more than 1 year ago
John Ditchburn
Created by John Ditchburn about 10 years ago
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Water on the Land
  1. How do river valleys change downstream?
    1. Processes of erosion
      1. Hydraulic Action
        1. Abrasion
          1. Attrition
            1. Solution
            2. Processes of Transportation
              1. Traction
                1. Saltation
                  1. Suspension
                    1. Solution
                    2. Deposition
                      1. Profiles
                        1. Long profile
                          1. Changes downstream
                          2. Cross profile
                            1. Changes across the channel
                        2. Distinctive landforms
                          1. Resulting from erosion
                            1. Waterfalls and gorges
                              1. River Tees
                                1. Upper Course
                                  1. Middle Course
                                    1. Lower Course
                                2. Resulting from erosion and deposition
                                  1. Meanders and ox-bow lakes
                                  2. Resulting from deposition
                                    1. Levees and floodplains
                                  3. Fluctuating water levels in rivers
                                    1. Movement of water in drainage basins
                                      1. Channel flow
                                        1. Groundwater flow
                                          1. Throughflow
                                            1. Percolation
                                              1. Groundwater
                                                1. Soil moisture
                                                  1. Infiltration
                                                    1. Surface storage
                                                      1. Surface runoff
                                                        1. Interception
                                                          1. Transpiration
                                                            1. Evaporation
                                                              1. Precipitation
                                                              2. Factors affecting river discharge
                                                                1. Amount and type of rainfall
                                                                  1. Temperature
                                                                    1. Previous weather conditions
                                                                      1. Rock type
                                                                        1. Land use
                                                                        2. Storm Hydrographs
                                                                        3. Why do rivers flood?
                                                                          1. Causes
                                                                            1. Prolonged rainfall
                                                                              1. Heavy rain
                                                                                1. Snowmelt
                                                                                  1. Steep relief
                                                                                    1. Soil erosion
                                                                                    2. Frequency
                                                                                      1. Increasing frequency in UK
                                                                                        1. East Coast 1953
                                                                                          1. Northampton 1998
                                                                                            1. River Severn 2007
                                                                                              1. South West England 2014
                                                                                          2. Why do responses to flooding vary?
                                                                                            1. Rich World Cockermouth Cumbria November 2009
                                                                                              1. Causes, effects, responses
                                                                                              2. Poor World Bangladesh 2004
                                                                                                1. Causes, effects, responses
                                                                                              3. Hard and soft engineering responses to flooding
                                                                                                1. Hard engineering
                                                                                                  1. Dams
                                                                                                    1. 3 Gorges Dam, China
                                                                                                    2. Reservoirs
                                                                                                      1. Straightening meanders
                                                                                                      2. Soft engineering
                                                                                                        1. Flood warning system
                                                                                                          1. Northampton St. James
                                                                                                          2. Floodplain zoning
                                                                                                        2. How are rivers in the UK managed to provide water supply?
                                                                                                          1. Water consumption
                                                                                                            1. Greater in south-east
                                                                                                            2. Rainfall
                                                                                                              1. Less in south-east
                                                                                                              2. Water stress
                                                                                                                1. Water Transfer
                                                                                                                  1. Kielder water

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