Membrane Structure and Transport

Annotations:

• 1.Lipid bilayer is a dynamic structure. 2. Protein can float in lipid 3. 

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• Protein molecules are dispersed and inserted individually into the lipid bilayer

1. Proteins

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   • Act as electron carries
2. Lipids

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   • increase fluidity and permeability
3. Cholesterol

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   • regulates fluidity (less fluid in warm temperature , prevents solidifying in cool temperature)
4. Glycolipids
5. Glycoprotein

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   • Recognition features

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• Absorption of Oxygen 

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• Movement of potassium and sodium ion in neurones

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•  HIGH WATER POTENTIAL to LOW WATER POTENTIAL  through a PARTIALLY PERMEABLE MEMBRANE

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• movement of particles across membrane against a concentration gradient through a biological pump

1. Endocytosis

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   • bulk transport of material through membranes INTO the cell by infolding or extension of membrane
   1. Phogocytosis

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      • the ingestion of BACTERIA or other material by phagocytes
   2. Pinocytosis

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      • the ingestion of LIQUID into a cell by the budding of small vesicles from the cell membrane.
2. Exocytosis

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   • bulk transport of material through membrane out of the cell by out folding or inverting the membrane.

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• Free KINETIC ENERGY of water molecule
• PURE WATER has highest water potential, 0.

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• Negative component of water potential 
• also known as "osmotic pressure" or "osmotic potential"

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• Usually Positive
• Hydrostatic pressure to which water is subjected.