Found that although parents and teenages
are choosing to spend more time together
than 25 years ago, parents are increasingly
concerned about perceived risks that their
children are exposed to and are reacting
with increased monitoring and control.
The Guardia reported on
parents who were having
their 11 year old daughter
micro-chipped.
However, Furedi
argues that parents
fears are being
over-exaggerated
Education
Sewell 2000
Found that AC boys fromed
their youth identity in school
in one of two ways.
Either they becone 'rebels' or
'retreatists', identites that are
resistant against the wider
school and teachers.
The Media
Muncie
Youths are represented as deviant
and troublesome. There
representation are importnatbecause
they influence popular culture.
Thornton argued that
the media are laargely
responsible for the
creation of youth
culture and identities
From music to advertising,
there is a clear association
of style with youth.
Cohen
Was the first sociologist to
observe how newpapers tend
to sensationalize and
exaggerate the behaviour of
groups of young people in
order to create
newsworthiness
His study described how fights
between two sets of youths in
1964 ('mods' and 'rockers')
produced a moral panic
The Peer Group
Shain 2003
Studied how groups of Asian
girls developed distinct identities
in a secondary school through
girl gangs as a way of coping
with school.
McRobbie and Garber 1976
Argue that girls have
subcultures that are less
obviouslt rebellious than
those of males. Bedroom
subcultures.
Religion
Mirza 2007
Carried out research to find
out what constitutes a
Muslim identity in the UK
One of her findingss was that there
has been a general increase in the
perceptio of religious and cultural
identity among second and third
generation Muslims. Indicators of
this include wearing og headscarves
among Muslim young women
Old Age
The Media
Ageism is often relected
through mass media
representations of youth and
old age.
Advertising reinforces
the view that apperance
of youth is central to
looking good and that
ageing should be avoided
at all costs.
As a result, adverts for anti-ageing
creams and hairdyes are common
on TV.
Ageism may also be refelcted thruogh
the under-representation of middle-aged
and elderly women as presenters on
news etc.
Sontag 1978
Suggests that there is a
double-standard of ageing,
whereby women are required
to be youthful throughout their
careers and men are not.
Religion
Voas and Rockett 2005
Note that old pople are much
more likely to idenitfy themselves
are being religious There are two
main reasons for this
First, a factor called the generational effect - old
pole were brought up in a much more religious
era and their socialization into religious values
was much more intense.
The Workplace
Arber and Ginn
Suggest that ageism against the elderly
is reinforced by emploument practices
such as redundancy, unemployment
and retirement
Bradley
Notes that old peopleare often
seen as less suitable for
employment because they are
assumed to be 'physically slow,
lacking in dynamism and not
very adaptable to change'.
Retirement often marks
the onset of old age and
it can have a negative
effect on people's
identities.
It can lead to a loss of status,
self-respect and self-purpose.