TURNING OPERATIONS: Turning and Lathes

TURNING OPERATIONS: Turning and Lathes

1. produce parts in round shape

   • typically by a single point tool on lathes machines

2. Cutting tool

   • fed linearly in the direction parallel or perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the workpiece, or along a specified path
     • Produce complex rotational shapes
   • The primary motion of cutting in turning is the rotation of the workpiece
   • The secondary motion of cutting is the feed motion

3. Lathe

   • machine tool used principally for shpaing of material cy causing the workpiece to be held and rotated by the lathe while a tool bit is advanced into the work
   • can produce
     • screw threads
     • tapered work
     • drilled holes
     • knurled surfaces
     • crankshafts
   • Typically proveds a variety of rotating speeds
   • rotates the workpiece against a tool
     • work holding attachments held in spindle
       • Three jaw chucks
       • collets
       • centers
       • Spindle driven by electric motor
     • tailstock supports the end of the workpiece with a center

4. BASIC OPERATIONS

   • FACING
     • The tool is fed into the rotating work on one end to create a flat surface on the end
   • CONTOUR TURNING
     • Tool follows a contour that is other than straight, thus creating a contoured form in the turned part
   • FORM TURNING
     • Tool has a shape and is fed into the work to cut desired form
   • TAPER TURNING
     • Tool is fed at an angle thus creating a taper cylinder or conical shape
   • CHAMPFERING
     • The cutting edge of the tool is used to cut an angle on the corner of the cylinder
   • CUTOFF
     • Tool is fed into the rotating work at some location along its length to cut off the end of the part
     • AKA parting
   • BORING
     • A single point is fed linearly, parallel to the axis of rotation on the inside diameter of an existing hole in the part
   • THREADING
     • A pointed tool is fed linearly across the outside surface of the rotating workpart in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation at a large effective feed rate
   • DRILLING & REAMING
     • Feeding drill or reamer into the rotating work along its axis
   • KNURLING
     • Not a machining operation
       • does not involve cutting
     • metal forming operation
     • produces a regular cross hatched pattern in the work surface

5. Tool Geometries for Turning Operations

   • right-hand turning tool
   • round-nose turning tool
   • Left-hand turning tool
   • Cut off tool
   • Left-hand facing tool
   • Broad-nose finishing tool
   • Right-hand facing tool
   • Threading tool

Images and files in the map