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Description
Mind Map by ahlamomar2010, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by ahlamomar2010
about 10 years ago
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Situation ethics
- SE is a relativistic, consequentialist
theory. Does not prescribe fixed rules;
considers outcomes of actions.
- It was first developed
by Joseph Fletcher in
Situation Ethics (1963)
- The theory was inspired by
Jesus' gospel message of
love (Agape - unconditional
love)
- Fletcher appealed to Biblical scholar Rudolf
Bultman, according to whom Jesus taught no
ethics other than 'Love thy neighbour as
thyself'
- ANTINOMIANISM AND LEGALISM
- Fletcher distinguished SE from two common approaches in ethics: legalism and antinomianism (nomos = law)
- Legalists enforce fixed rules and rigid morality.
- Anti - nomians shun laws and live without moral restraints .
- According to Fletcher, his theory avoids the pitfalls of both, being more flexible than legalism and more principled than anti-nomianism
- According to Fletcher, his theory avoids the pitfalls of both, being more flexible than legalism and more principled than anti-nomianism
- Anti - nomians shun laws and live without moral restraints .
- Legalists enforce fixed rules and rigid morality.
- Fletcher distinguished SE from two common approaches in ethics: legalism and antinomianism (nomos = law)
- THE FOUR WORKING PRINCIPLES
- Fletcher stated that there are 4 basic principles to SE
- 1). Pragmatism -
Moral actions
must work or
achieve some
realistic goal.
2).Relativism - There
are no fixed laws
which must
always be obeyed.
3). Positivism -
First place is
given to Christian
love, rooted in
faith. Belief
precedes action.
4). Personalism -
People come first,
not rules or ideals:
'Sabbath was
made for man, not
man for the
Sabbath'
- 1). Pragmatism -
Moral actions
must work or
achieve some
realistic goal.
2).Relativism - There
are no fixed laws
which must
always be obeyed.
3). Positivism -
First place is
given to Christian
love, rooted in
faith. Belief
precedes action.
4). Personalism -
People come first,
not rules or ideals:
'Sabbath was
made for man, not
man for the
Sabbath'
- Fletcher stated that there are 4 basic principles to SE
- 6 FUNDAMENTAL PRINICIPLES
- Fletcher wanted to guide and
help people act in accordance
with Agape he provided
principles to act as a guideline,
these relate closely to Biblical
teaching on what Christian love
should be.
- 1. Love is the only good - Actions are only good if they help humans (showing love for another) and they are bad if they hurt people.
- 2. Love is the only norm - Jesus and St Paul replaced the Torah with the principle of
love, in the past Christians have broken the 10 commandments to do the right thing
- 3. Love and Justice are the same, and love is justice distributed - Love and justice can not be separated
- 4. Love wills the neighbours good, whether we like him or not - your neighbour is anybody and Agape love goes out to everyone
- 5.Love is the only means -When weighing up a situation, one must consider what you want the outcome to be and what you need to do to get there. Fletcher said the end must be the
loving thing.
- 6. Love decides there and then - whether something is right or wrong depends on the situation and can't be pre - determined
- 1. Love is the only good - Actions are only good if they help humans (showing love for another) and they are bad if they hurt people.
- Application of Fletcher's theory.
- Sacrificial Adultery - Russian Concentration
Camp, pregnant women considered liability
- Merciful Murder - Mother smothers baby to prevent being discovered by hostile Indians.
- Merciful Murder - Mother smothers baby to prevent being discovered by hostile Indians.
- Sacrificial Adultery - Russian Concentration
Camp, pregnant women considered liability
- Fletcher wanted to guide and
help people act in accordance
with Agape he provided
principles to act as a guideline,
these relate closely to Biblical
teaching on what Christian love
should be.
- STRICT APPLICATION OF THE BIBLE'S RULES NO LONGER NEEDED
- The adulterous woman - Evidence of PERSONALISM
- Jesus and the Sabbath Day
- Jesus commented on the divorce law
- The adulterous woman - Evidence of PERSONALISM
- POPE PIUS XII
- SE individualistic
- SE subjective
- SE seens to prepared to accept any action.
- SE individualistic
- William Barclay Criticisms
- Fletcher uses extreme cases to
illustrate SE
- Suggestion laws can be abandoned too optimistic
- Emotions can sway decisions
- Emotions can sway decisions
- Suggestion laws can be abandoned too optimistic
- Fletcher uses extreme cases to
illustrate SE
- SE STRENGTHS
- Clear alternative to Christian Ethics
- Flexible and Practical
- Clear alternative to Christian Ethics
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