Title- gives the
reader an
establishing point
to predict what the
poem may be
about
Suggests that the poem might be
about an old man enjoying a cozy
winter night
Through out the poem Frost
contradicts ones initial
expectations about the poem,
he turns it into a haunting
narrative
Summary
Tells the story of an old man slowly dying alone
during what is described to be a harsh winter night. As
the poem goes on we find out that the old man has
forgotten who he is, which is the source of his fear. He
then is awaken by the sound of a shifting log, after
which he drifts off into a much deeper slumber -death.
Structure
Does not have a traditional
rhyme scheme, it follows a
narrative style of
writing-affective in story telling.
Techniques
Affective forms of alliteration (doors/darkly, beating/box,
separate/stars, etc.), imagery (the lamed tilted near them in his
hand.), and personification (All out of doors looked darkly in at
him) - all of these techniques Frost uses in his poem help the
reader better visualize the idea that he is trying to convey.
Tone
The speaker in the poem helps reinforce the isolation that the old
man struggles with, a loss of memory of he once was, no
recollection of thought of where he is and why he is there.
Isolation
Even though the old man is faced with complete isolation, physically and mentally,
he continuous to fight by "clomping" to scare away the fears that surround him-not
remembering precisely what he is scared of in the cellar or outside in the night.
The sense of loneliness and fear is intensified by the noises all around him-the
cracking of the branches, the roar of the trees, etc. However, the old man remains
silent throughout the poem. Frost choice to keep the man silent and not giving him
a voice, it gives the reader the same isolation that the old man is experiencing.