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Description
Mind Map by GemmaCoton, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by GemmaCoton
almost 11 years ago
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Aristotle
- Four Causes
- Material
Cause
- Matter or substance that
something is made from
- E.g. a book is made
from paper and so
paper is the matter
or material cause
- Matter or substance that
something is made from
- Formal
Cause
- What gives the
matter its 'form'
or 'structure'
- Book is not just any
old piece of paper, it
is arranged in a
particular way
- What gives the
matter its 'form'
or 'structure'
- Efficient
Cause
- Cause of
an object
existing
- 'Why'
the thing
exists
- A book exists
because someone
wrote it (the author)
- Cause of
an object
existing
- Final
Cause
- Reason why
something is
the way it is
- Function
of the
object
- E.g. book is
so someone
can read it
- Teleological-
concerned with
the function
- Aristotle is not saying that
there is a purpose or sign of
design in nature, he is
saying that when you
consider any object or thing
it has some function which
is the ultimate reason why
the thing is as it is
- Reason why
something is
the way it is
- Material
Cause
- Plato and
Aristotle
- Aristotle
taught
by Plato
- Approached
things differently
from Plato
- Whilst the two are meant to
represent the two different
approaches but Aristotle's
writings always recognised
the value of what he had
learned from Plato
- However they
are different in a
number of ways
- Aristotle
emphasises the
value of studying
the physical world
- Empirical
- Empirical
- Aristotle rejected
Plato's theory of
the Forms
- Aristotle rejects a
dualist view of the
world and Plato's
understanding of
the soul
- Aristotle
emphasises the
value of studying
the physical world
- School of
Athens by
Raphael
- Plato pointing
up, Aristotle
points towards
the earth and
physical world
- Plato pointing
up, Aristotle
points towards
the earth and
physical world
- Aristotle
taught
by Plato
- The Prime
Mover
- Everything that exists is
in a permanent state of
'movement' (change)
- E.g. the
change in
weather or
growth
- E.g. the
change in
weather or
growth
- Aristotle
observed
4 things
- 1. The physical world was
constantly in a state of
motion or change
- 2. Planets seemed to
be moving eternally
- 3. Change or motion
is always caused by
something
- 4. Objects in the physical
world were in a state of
actuality and potentiality
- 1. The physical world was
constantly in a state of
motion or change
- Aristotle concluded
that there exists
something that causes
motion and change
without being moved
- Everything that exists is
in a permanent state of
'movement' (change)
- Characteristics
of the Prime
Mover
- Issues
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