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My hands are aching

Anatomy of the forearm
1. Muscles
2. Nerves
3. Arteries
Anatomy of the hand
1. Bones
2. Muscles
3. Nerve supply
4. Carpal tunnel
5. Synovial sheaths
6. Blood arches
7. Ligaments
Joints
1. Classification
2. Synovial fluid
3. Joints of the hand
Physical examination
Movements of the Wrist Joint
Rheumatoid Arthritis
1. Immunological aspects
  1. Autoreactive T cells
  2. Macrophages => TNF
  3. Activation of B cells =>Rheumatoid Factors
  4. Macrophages => IL-8
2. Biomarkers
  1. Rheumatoid Factor
  2. Anti-CCP antibodies
  3. Others
3. Pathophysiology
4. Criteria For Diagnosis
  1. Medical history of joint pain, reported swelling etc..
  2. Positive RF and anti-CCP antibodies tests
  3. Elevated ESR, CPR levels
  4. Abnormal CBC
  5. X-ray changes in the hands and wrists
  6. Duration of symptoms is more than six weeks
5. Nerve Conduction Studies
6. Systemic manifestations
Radiological features of normal wrist and hand
1. The radiographic hallmarks of rheumatoid arthritis
2. Ultrasound
Treatment of RA
Prognosis of RA
1. Determining factors
  1. How advanced is the disease
  2. Age
  3. How active is the disease
2. Ways to Improve Prognosis
Socio-economic effects of hand disability
Demographics
1. Farida
2. 45 years old
3. Female

My hands are aching

	Created by Abdulla Aboelkheir over 7 years ago