Plains Indians #1

Description

HISTORY
Patrick West
Mind Map by Patrick West, updated more than 1 year ago
Patrick West
Created by Patrick West about 7 years ago
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Resource summary

Plains Indians #1
  1. Buffalo
    1. Women and children butchered it.
      1. Stampeded a herd into valleys, etc.
        1. Hunted on foot before horses
          1. Used all of the buffalo
            1. Horns = head-dresses, cutlery
              1. Tanned hide = clothes, tipi covers
                1. Fur = blankets, saddles
                2. Raw parts (kidney, liver, brain) eaten; flesh boiled
                  1. Preserved strips left to dry in the sun called jerky for winter
                  2. Religion and Spirits
                    1. Circles were important
                      1. Sun, moon, tipis, birds nests
                        1. Villages were circles of tipis
                        2. One great spirit
                          1. Called "Wakan Tanka" by Sioux
                            1. Rules over all living things
                            2. Sacred land - especially high ground
                              1. Black Hills of Dakota - sacred to Sioux
                                1. Buried dead tribe members here
                                  1. Medicine men came for guidance
                                2. Worked with the power of nature, respected it
                                  1. Nature cannot be bought/sold, mother
                                  2. Dances were important
                                    1. Whole tribes together
                                      1. Ceremonies led by medicine men
                                        1. Sun Dance, Buffalo Dance
                                      2. Visions
                                        1. Tortured themselves
                                          1. Told visions to medicine men in "sweat lodges"
                                            1. Fasting and praying for days
                                              1. Contact to the spirit world
                                                1. Children renamed after ceremony where they had their first vision
                                              2. Horses
                                                1. Allowed Indians to challenge white settlers and their technology
                                                  1. Bred by Spanish settlers in 1600s
                                                    1. Pueblo Indians drove Spanish out and captured their horses in 1640
                                                    2. Used to hunt buffalo, move about the Plains, in war and for fun
                                                      1. Crow tribe had 2 horses per person
                                                        1. In 1820, wealth measured in horses
                                                        2. Medicine Men
                                                          1. Could contact any spirit
                                                            1. Interpreted visions
                                                              1. Advised chiefs of spirits messages
                                                                1. Geronimo (Apache medicine man
                                                                  1. Helped Indians choose and prepare herbs for medicine
                                                                    1. Said Indians had as much faith in prayer as medicine
                                                                    2. Treated broken limbs and wounds from war; bruises from hunting; fever from weather
                                                                      1. Worked with spirits not against them, respect
                                                                        1. Encouraged men to carry medicine bags
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