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845212
Human Gas Exchange
Description
Alveoli and the mechanism of breathing
No tags specified
biology
lungs: structure, function and disease
as level
Mind Map by
peggyhughes
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
peggyhughes
over 10 years ago
34
1
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Resource summary
Human Gas Exchange
Gas Exchange System
INSIDE BODY BECAUSE...
Air not dense enough to support or protect delicate structures
Would quickly dry out if outside the body
Gas exchange occurs at the Alveoli, which is well adapted for exchange:
Large surface area to volume ratio
Thin walls
Constant concentration gradient due to moving mediums
Breathing
INSPIRATION
Breathing in
Active process
1. External intercostal muscles contract and internal intercostal muscles relax. Ribcage moves up and out
2. Diaphragm contracts and flattens
3. Volume in thorax increased and pressure reduced
4. Air rushes in
EXPIRATION
Breathing out
Largely passive process
More muscle contraction when forcefully breathing e.g. during exercise
1. Internal intercostal muscles contract and external intercostal muscles relax. This moves the ribcage down
2. The diaphragm relaxes, curving up
3. The volume of the thorax is reduced and the pressure increased
4. Air rushes out
PULMONARY VENTILATION
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