Reproductive systems

Reproductive systems

1. Asexual

   • bud
     • Hydra
   • splitting in half
     • flatworms
   • regenerate from fragments
     • sponges
     • annelids
     • echinoderms

2. Sexual

   • monoecious
     • have both male and female in one body
   • dioecious
     • separate sexes
   • parthenogenesis
     • modification of sexual reproduction in which an unfertilized egg develops into complete individual
   • copulation
     • sexual union to facilitate the reception of sperm, resulting in internal fertilization

3. Life strategies

   • ovoviviparous
   • viviparous
   • oviparous

4. Human male reproductive system

   • important organs and its function
     • testes
     • seminiferous tubule
     • penis
     • seminal vesicles
     • prostate gland
     • bulbourethral glands
   • production of sperm
     • Spermatogonia divide to produce primary spermatocytes
       • primary spermatocytes undergo meiosis I to produce secondary spermatocyte
         • Secondary spermatocytes undergo meiosis II to produce four spermatids, each of iwhich matures into sperm cell
   • hormonal regulation in males
     • Hypothalamus has ultimate control of testicular sexual fiunction

5. Human female reproduction system

   • important organs and its function
     • Ovaries
     • Uterus
     • Vagina
   • ovarian cycle
     • Follicle changes from a primary to secondary to a vesicular (Graafian) follicle under the influence of FSH and LH
       • Ovulation
         • Follicle develops in corpus luteum
   • uterine cycle
     • Days 1-5
       • Endometrium disintegrates
     • Days 6-13
       • Endometrium thickens
     • Days 15-28
       • Endometrium doubles in thickness
   • hormonal control of ovaries
     • FSH
     • LH