Vegetables & Salads

Types
1. Green leafy vegetables
  1. cabbage, lettuce
2. roots
  1. beetroot, carrot
3. bulbs
  1. onion, garlic
4. tubers
  1. potatoes
5. Fruit
  1. tomatoes, peppers
6. flowers
  1. broccoli, cauliflower
7. pulses
  1. peas, beans, lentils
Buying
1. in season
2. fresh quality
3. loose/ netted to prevent mould
4. medium sized
5. usable quantities
Storing
1. cool, dry dark place
2. remove plastic packaging
3. use ASAP
4. salad veg-fridge
Cooking
1. Methods
  1. pressure cooker
  2. stir-frying
  3. micro wave
2. effects
  1. vitamin c and b lost
  2. more digestable
  3. loss of colour, flavour and texture
  4. micro organisms destroyed
3. retaining nutrients
  1. avoid bread soda & copper pans-destroys vit C
  2. use cooking liquid for soups & sauce
  3. min.H20, min. time
  4. lid on
Nutritive Value
1. protein-mostly LBV, HBV in soya beans
2. no fat except avocados & olives
3. Starch, Fibre, sugar in carrots/onions
4. Vitamins - betacarotene in carrots & dark green veg; B1, C
5. Minerals - small amount calcium ;iron (dark green veg)
6. Water 90%
Class
1. extra
  1. excellent quality
2. 1
  1. good quality - no brusing
3. 2
  1. minor defects in size and colour - reasonable quality
4. 3
  1. blemishes in shape and colour - marketable quality
Spoilage
1. enzyme phenolase
  1. resulting in bruising and brown patches
2. 'open' structure wilt & go slimy e.g. lettuce
3. roots go limp and woody
Processing fruit & veg
1. freezing
  1. carrots, peas, blackcurrants
  2. little change in nutritive value; mineral/vitamin loss on thawing, micro organisms inactivated
  3. blanched, -30,
2. canning
  1. peas, beans, pears
  2. micro-organisms destroyed; B & C lost;sugar if in syrup
  3. high temp.;sealed in cans
3. drying
  1. peas, beans, grapes
  2. change in texture, micro oragnisms cant grow; fruit high in sugar
  3. high temp.;H2O removed
Contribution to the diet
1. pulses= protein for vegans
2. low fat for low kcal diets
3. versatile
4. antioxidants A & C -prevent cancer
5. economical in season

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Vegetables & Salads

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	Created by rachelroo2012 almost 10 years ago

	Copied by a stoddart almost 10 years ago