FOOTINGS & FOUNDATIONS

FOOTINGS & FOUNDATIONS

1. SUBSTRUCTURE: support the superstructure

   • to transfer the loads into the ground

2. SETTLEMENT: buildings sink a little into the earth

   • bearing capacity of the soil
     • differential settlement

3. SHALLOW FOOTINGS

   • stable soil conditions
   • Pad footings (isolated footings)
   • Strip footings
   • Raft foundation (a raft slab)

4. DEEP FOOTINGS

   • inadequate soil bearing capacity
   • End bearing piles
   • Friction piles
   • Retaining and foundation walls