Developmental Theory

Cognitive theorists
1. Jean Piaget -schaema- stages sensory motor, pre operational, concrete,formal - cant understand things over stage - assimilation accomidation
  1. methods: clinical interviews
  2. Criticism:on his own children - language leading - dont understand - controlled environment uncomfortable
2. Kurt Fischer-Dynamic Skills theory- more flexible than piaget -developing skills practice and more experience doing it - phases rather than stages -sensory motor action , representation, abstraction -too many skills wont perform best
  1. Criticisms: agrees with piaget learning is spontaneousand practice - cog development progresses at different rates for different skills- brain growth goes on to adulthood
Pse theorists
1. Michael Rutter - studied adolsecent boys home conflict more likely for disturbed behaviour than maternal seperation- separation not always the crucial factor- children can make multiple bonds - the condition of separation more important-children can recover from early childhood deprivation
  1. Research Methods- Clinical Interviews- Questionaires
  2. Criticisms- found seperation from 1 parent not strong cause for deliquency- Investigated adopted children found form strong bonds-research considered many variables before reaching conclusion
2. John Bowlby -Theory of Attachment -Importance of primary bond between mother and baby - form bonds is innate - can affect future mental health
  1. Research methods - case studies - longitudinal studies
  2. Criticisms - focussed on relationship with mother not any other - ignored chance of more attachments - home circumstances can cause emotional disturbance not necessarily seperation
Linguistic theorists
1. Roger Brown - research on telegraphic speech- 5 stages 2-3 word sentence,naming objects and events , questions what?why?where?joining short sentences, complex sentences - adult should repeat child with correct grammar -talk about real life so child can relate
  1. Research methods- longitudinal - naturalistic
  2. Criticism-only studied 3 children- childs memory not good enough to remember whole sentence so remembers important words
2. Noam Chomsky- Lad- nature- has to be heard - too complex to learn - children to be bathed in language
  1. Criticism: if innate why does it take so long to acquire? why mistakes in grammar? why is their differences in liguistic skills
Methods
1. Naturalistic Observation - Natural Environment - Natural reaction - if noticed act differently- time sampling, checklists, grids- objective - interventionist manipulated -non interventionist more true picture - struggle to get everything down - provides info to plan to meet needs of child
2. Surveys - questionaires and interviews - can lie - not understand the question - can cover a large range of topics- if spoken could lead - oral or written - telephone or street survey -put children in an unnatural environment

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Developmental Theory

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	Created by Helen Lee almost 11 years ago