893637
Description
Mind Map by jacksearle, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by jacksearle
almost 10 years ago
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An unequal friendship: Sino-Soviet relations 1949-1950
- The People's Republic of China 1949
- October 1st 1949 - Mao announced creation of the PRC
- PRC was created following a communist win in
the bitter civil war
- Creation of PRC altered the balance of Cold War power
- Officially - Russia was the first state to recognise Mao's govt
and quickly signed a treaty of friendship with China
- Whereas the US was horrified that communism triumphed China -
consequently US policy in South-East Asia changed dramatically
- Whereas the US was horrified that communism triumphed China -
consequently US policy in South-East Asia changed dramatically
- Officially - Russia was the first state to recognise Mao's govt
and quickly signed a treaty of friendship with China
- Creation of PRC altered the balance of Cold War power
- PRC was created following a communist win in
the bitter civil war
- October 1st 1949 - Mao announced creation of the PRC
- The Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance
Feb 1950
- Reasons for the treaty
- PRC was isolated from West because it
was a communist state
- However - there was an obvious ideological
similarity between China and Russia
- Indeed - Mao described USSR as ' our best
teacher from whom we must learn'
- late 1949 - M traveled to Moscow for face-to-face
talks with Stalin - in search of a powerful ally
- Stalin had less to gain - but in aftermath of WW2 -
Russian economy needed rebuilding - establishing a
new trading partner was in USSR's interest
- Stalin had less to gain - but in aftermath of WW2 -
Russian economy needed rebuilding - establishing a
new trading partner was in USSR's interest
- late 1949 - M traveled to Moscow for face-to-face
talks with Stalin - in search of a powerful ally
- Indeed - Mao described USSR as ' our best
teacher from whom we must learn'
- However - there was an obvious ideological
similarity between China and Russia
- PRC was isolated from West because it
was a communist state
- Terms of the treaty
- Friendship
- USSR granted the following aid to China
- A loan of $300 million
- Equipment for 50 major
construction projects
- A loan of $300 million
- USSR granted the following aid to China
- Alliance
- Established a military alliance against
'Japanese militarism'
- By which it meant capitalist nations
- Included guarantee that USSR would come to China's
aid if it was involved in conflicts with any capitalist
nation
- Included guarantee that USSR would come to China's
aid if it was involved in conflicts with any capitalist
nation
- By which it meant capitalist nations
- Established a military alliance against
'Japanese militarism'
- Mutual Assistance
- USSR agreed to trade and share knowledge:
- set up a joint stock company to
mine in Xinjiang
- Soviet experts helped to set up
and run 141 Chinese businesses
- China recognised USSR's rights over Outer Mongolia
- USSR returned the Manchurian railway to China
- set up a joint stock company to
mine in Xinjiang
- USSR agreed to trade and share knowledge:
- Friendship
- Reasons for the treaty
- Significance of the Treaty - the
Impact on China
- Treaty allowed China to begin economic modernisation
- There was a 6-fold increase in
Sino Soviet trade 1950-1956
- By 1956 - 60% of Chinese trade
was conducted with USSR
- USSR educated 9313
Chinese experts in top
Russian unis
- Over 38000 Chinese workers were given
vocational training in Siberia
- There was a 6-fold increase in
Sino Soviet trade 1950-1956
- Treaty allowed China to begin economic modernisation
- Creation of the China Lobby in the USA
- Proclamation of PRC sent shockwaves through USA
- leading to change in US policy
- Prior to PRC - USA had been disengaging from South-East Asia
- A govt paper published Aug 1949 stated that USA had no strategic interest in China
- Moreover, as late as Jan 50 - US secretary of state announced that
US had no plans to offer Korea or Taiwan protection from Communism
- Treaty of friendship changed this - led to emergence of the 'China Lobby'
- Republicans and Democrats associated with the lobby were
obsessed with the question 'Who lost China?'
- Believed that Truman hadn't done enough to ensure survival of
Pro-Western China and that the Sino-Soviet alliance gave USSR new
advantage in the Cold War
- In this way - Treaty led to renewed interest in China from the USA
- In this way - Treaty led to renewed interest in China from the USA
- Believed that Truman hadn't done enough to ensure survival of
Pro-Western China and that the Sino-Soviet alliance gave USSR new
advantage in the Cold War
- Republicans and Democrats associated with the lobby were
obsessed with the question 'Who lost China?'
- Treaty of friendship changed this - led to emergence of the 'China Lobby'
- Moreover, as late as Jan 50 - US secretary of state announced that
US had no plans to offer Korea or Taiwan protection from Communism
- A govt paper published Aug 1949 stated that USA had no strategic interest in China
- Prior to PRC - USA had been disengaging from South-East Asia
- Proclamation of PRC sent shockwaves through USA
- leading to change in US policy
- Impact on US government policy
- In response to China Lobby - Truman changed policy -
announcing series of measures designed to stop the
spread of communism in South East Asia
- By mid-1950 the US had agreed to the following
- Military support for Taiwan - US dispatched its 7th fleet to the Taiwan
Strait to discourage Chinese invasion
- Military aid for the Philippines - in mid 1950 - US agreed support
for the Philippine government against communist revolutionaries
- Military and financial support for the French - who were
battling communism in Vietnam
- Aid and Support for South Korea - as North Korea were communist
and US govt feared that it was planning to invade the South
- More generally - loss of China persuaded US govt that they hadn't done
enough to retain the initiative in the Cold War
- Consequently - NSC-68 - outlined a more active role for USA
in fighting communism in the Cold War
- Consequently - NSC-68 - outlined a more active role for USA
in fighting communism in the Cold War
- Military support for Taiwan - US dispatched its 7th fleet to the Taiwan
Strait to discourage Chinese invasion
- By mid-1950 the US had agreed to the following
- In response to China Lobby - Truman changed policy -
announcing series of measures designed to stop the
spread of communism in South East Asia
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