Ethnicity concepts

Ethnicity concepts

1. Race: perceived biological or physical diff between groups e.g. skin colour. Ethnicity: cultural diff between groups based on things such as religion, language, customs, norms, values etc. Ethnic group: group who share the same cultural background e.g. Sewell, Ghuman. Ethnic minority group: group who share the same cultural background that is diff to the majority. Nationality: your country or origin or the country you are legally entitled to belong in e.g Anderson. Ethnic identities: identities based around people's ethnic and cultural background e.g religion, norms values, e.g. Sewell, Ghuman.

2. Immigrant: someone who has moved from one country to permanently reside in another. 1st/2nd/3rd generation immigrants: 1st= moved to country themselves. 2nd= their children. 3rd= their grandchildren. Asylum seeker: someone who seeks refuge in another country for a temporary period if it is too dangerous for them to be in their own country e.g. due to war. Illegal immigrant: someone who is not legally entitled to live in a country e.g. entered illegally. Racism: negative attitudes or behaviour towards a person/group due to their racial or ethnic background. Institutional racism- already defined.

3. Assimilation: ethnic minority group become absorbed into the ethnic majority and adopt their cultural norms and values. Integration: ethnic minorities become part of the majority culture and adopts their norms, values, cultural practices- led to multiculturalism. Cultural resistance: ethnic minority group unite together and strengthen their own ethnic identities as a way of fighting/resisting the racism they experience from the ethnic majority- Cashmore and Troyna/James/Hebdige/Hewitt. Migration: moving from one country to another. Emigration: moving out of a country. Dual identities: those who have more than one ethnic identity e.g. Johal, Burdsey, Derrington and Kendall. Cultural borrowing: mixing and sharing of diff styles and cultures e.g. Back.

4. Ethnocentric: focuses on one particular culture e.g. national curriculum based around White British history- Coard. Hybrid identities: mixture of 2 or more identities to create new cultures or identities, occurred in UK due to immigration and the integration of some ethnic groups within the host community- multiculturalism, e.g. Back,Gill. Code switching: individuals may mix ethnic identities together and adopt diff identites with friends/family e.g. Burdsey. Cultural comfort zones: some ethnic minority groups form peer groups with those from the same ethnic background which makes them feel comfortable e.g. Sewell. Hyper masculinity: describes the identities of black males who follow rap role models- Sewell. Blasian: young asians who adopt black ethnic identites- Alexander.Braisan: British asians who combine British and Asian identities together- Gill.

5. Cultural masks: when young people adopt or try out new ethnic identities e.g. Back/Johal.