9307168
Description
Mind Map by Lily Anderson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by James Disley
about 9 years ago
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Copied by Lily Anderson
almost 7 years ago
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Coastal Landscapes
- Types of wave
- Waves form due to the transfer of
energy and the action of the wind.
- 3 factors affect the energy:
- 1 The distance
the wind has
been blowing.
- 2 The speed the
wind is travelling.
- The length of time the
wind has been blowing.
- 1 The distance
the wind has
been blowing.
- 3 factors affect the energy:
- Destructive waves
- Have high energy
- Large fetch
- Strong backwash,
weak swash
- responsible
for erosion.
- Have high energy
- Constructive waves
- Have low energy
- Weak backwash,
Strong Swash
- Responsible
for deposition
- Have low energy
- Waves form due to the transfer of
energy and the action of the wind.
- Coastal Processes and landforms
- Erosions and weathering
- Wears away
the rock.
- Erosional process
Abrasion (pebbles hit the
cliff wearing it away),
Corrosion (the dissolving of
the rock), Hydraulic action
(waves hit cliffs forcing air
into cracks, breaking the
rock), Attrition (pebbles
becoming rounder.
- Wears away
the rock.
- Mass movement large sections of
the cliff collapse due to weathering.
- Slumping
and rockfall
- Slumping
and rockfall
- Wave cut platform (areas
of flat rock at the bases
created by erosion.
- Erosions and weathering
- Erosional coastal landforms
- Headlands
and bays
- Mixture of soft and
hard rock the sort
rock erodes fastter
creating your bay
leaving your hard
rock creating a
headland.
- Mixture of soft and
hard rock the sort
rock erodes fastter
creating your bay
leaving your hard
rock creating a
headland.
- Caves, arches,
stacks and stumps.
- Headlands
and bays
- Deposition
landforms
- Longshore drift
- Breach sediment transported
along the coast line by waves.
- Breach sediment transported
along the coast line by waves.
- Beaches
- Waves lose engr. deposited
sediment forming beaches.
- Waves lose engr. deposited
sediment forming beaches.
- Spit
- Extended beach
that projects out
to sea.
- Extended beach
that projects out
to sea.
- Bar
- A extended beach that
connects two headlands.
- A extended beach that
connects two headlands.
- Longshore drift
- Factors effecting cliff recision
- Fetch
- Geology
- Coastal
management
- Fetch
- Coastal flooding
- Causes
- High tide
- Storm surges
- Sea level
rising
- High tide
- Reducing impact
- Prediction
- The environmental agency monitor sea conditions
- The environmental agency monitor sea conditions
- Prevention
- Barriers, flood plains and flood walls
- Barriers, flood plains and flood walls
- Planing
- Early
warning
system
- Advice
- Early
warning
system
- Prediction
- Causes
- Coastal
defences
- Hard engeneering
- Sea wall (Protects
buildings costs
£5000perM)
- Groynes (stops longshore
drift affects other coastlines)
- Riprap (rocks
absorb wave energy
relatively cheap)
- Sea wall (Protects
buildings costs
£5000perM)
- Soft engineering
- Beach replenishment (reduces
wave energy and cheap)
- Cliff regrading (reduces slippage,
foot of cliff needs protecting still.
- Beach replenishment (reduces
wave energy and cheap)
- Hard engeneering
- Case study
- Swanage bay and Durlston bay
- Made up
of hard
and soft
rock.
- Protection
- Recently
spent
2.2m
- Swanage bay has a
sea wall, groynes, cliff
re-grading and beach
replenishment.
- Durlston Bay has
Riprap, cliff drainage
and cliff re-grading
- Recently
spent
2.2m
- Made up
of hard
and soft
rock.
- Swanage bay and Durlston bay
- Case study
- The Cornish Coastline
- Widemouth
has Rip rap
- Port
Gwidden
has
Gabions
- Mosehole has seawalls
- Carlyon bay they have
beach replenishment
- Widemouth
has Rip rap
- The Cornish Coastline
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