Gingival & periodontal Diseases in Children

Gingival & periodontal Diseases in Children

1. Periodontium

   • Def: CT organ covered by epi. that attached the tooth to jaw bone. It provide continually support of teeth during f(x)
   • Composed of:
     • 1. Gingiva 2. Periodontal ligament 3. Alveolar bone 4. Cementum
   • Differences: adult Vs chlid

2. Gingiva

   • Physiological gingival changes associated with tooth eruption
     • I. Pre-eruptive
       • before crown appear
       • firm bulge
       • Slightly blanched
       • follow the form of crown
     • II. Eruptive
       • Crown penetrate oral mucosa
       • Edematous rounded
       • Slightly reddened
       • during mixed dentition --> marginal gingiva more prominent
     • III. Post-eruptive
       • gingiva reduce in bulk
       • becomes thinner, tight & firmly attached
   • Classification of gingival ds.
     • I. Simple gingivitis
       • a. Eruption gingivitis
         • CP
           • Occur during eruption of primary teeth
             • Greatest incideces 6-7 YO
             • during eruption of #6
           • associated with difficult eruption
             • subside after teeth emerge
           • D/t lack protection of gingiva from coronal contour of tooth
           • may dev into --> pericoronitis / periodontal abscess
         • TTT
           • Oral hygiene
           • if severe: antibiotic therapy
       • b. Gingivitis associated with oral hygiene
         • related to degree of dental cleanliness
         • group as
           • 1. Early
           • 2. Moderate 3. Advanced
         • TTT
           • Adequate oral hygiene practice thorough
             • plaque removal
             • favorable occlusal
             • eating raw fiber food
       • c. Allergy & gingival inflammation
     • II. Acute gingival ds.
       • a. Herpes simplex viral infection
       • b. Recurrent apthous ulcer (canker sore)
       • c. Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG)
       • d. acute candidiasis (thrush / candidosis / moniliasis)
       • e. Acute bacterial infection
     • III. Chronic non-spesific gingivitis
     • IV. Gingival ds. modified by systemic factor
       • a. Puberty gingivitis
       • b. Hereditary fibromatosis gingival enlargement
       • c. Drug induced hyperplasia
     • V. Ascorbic acid deficiency gingivitis

3. Periodontal ds.

   • Periodontitis
     • Def:
     • Chch
   • Classification
     • a. Pre-pubertal periodontitis
     • b. Localized aggrasive periodontitis
     • c. Generalized aggrasive periodontitis

4. Papillon-Lefevre syndrome