ICT TYPES OF PROCESSING

ICT TYPES OF PROCESSING

1. diff systems require diff modes of operation that determine how the pc is used

2. it can be independently or grouped to process

3. BATCH PROCESSING

   • used when there are a large number of similar transactions that can be processed together
     • in a single operation
       • e.g when survey is carried out with responses carried out by forms, data can be input by OMR
         • all the transactions are collected together offline then transaction file is created
           • this transaction file is sorted into the same order as the records in the master file
             • each record is read with the corresponding master file
               • an updated record is created and stored in a new master file
                 • this is repeated for every record in the transaction file

4. BATCH PROCESSING: A BILLING SYSTEM

   • E.G. electricity system. the pc already has much of the data required to cal the bill stored on the disk in the master file which includes: CUSTOMER NUMBER, CUSTOMER NAME, ADDRESS, LAST METER READING, AMOUNT OF ELECTRICITY USED, SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS FOR METER
     • USING IT FOR BILLING SYSTEM MEANS THAT DETAILS OF ONLY 1 CUSTOMER ARE PROCESSED AT ONCE and the whole file doesn't need to be loaded
       • large amounts of data can be processed
         • no human intervention needed
           • not suitable for systems that need immediate response; payroll or billing

5. TRANSACTION PROCESSING

   • Data for each transaction is entered at source an processed immediately
     • E.G. in a buildings society customers can be issued with passbooks. when wishing ot make a deposit a customer can take their passbook together with a completed deposit transaction form to a till at any office. the building society clerk enters the detail of the transaction and the account details record in the master file is updated to reflect the transaction; old values are over written. the passbook is placed into a special printer and the details of the new transaction and the new balance are printed.
       • BOOKING SYSTEM: for holidays or cinema tickets for example the system deals with each booking as it is submitted. each transaction is completed before the next can begin
         • unlike batch the master file is updated with data from the transaction immediately
           • only 1 record of master file is accessed so the file must be organised in way that allows each record to be located directly
             • batch and transaction can be used together; building society creating annual account statements to members may need the details for tax purposes, if transation would be longer

6. Interactive processing

   • involves user 'having a convo' with the PC
     • use input devices; joystick, graphics tablet
       • fast response from PC
         • e.g purchasing tickets at train station machine