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B3f - Growth and Development

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GCSE BIOLOGY Mind Map on B3f - Growth and Development, created by Chloe.Sharland on 08/06/2014.
Chloe.Sharland
Mind Map by Chloe.Sharland, updated more than 1 year ago
Chloe.Sharland
Created by Chloe.Sharland about 11 years ago
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B3f - Growth and Development
  1. Plant Cells
    1. Plant and animal cells contain a nucleus, cell membrane, mitochondria and cytoplasm. Plant cells also contain chloroplasts, a cellulose cell wall and a vacuole.
      1. A typical plant cell
        1. Cell wall - made of cellulose, it strengthens and supports the cell.
          1. Permanent vacuole - filled with cell sap, it helps to support the cell
            1. Cytoplasm - most chemical reactions take place here.
              1. Nucleus - controls what the cell does and contains the genetic information. Has a membrane extending from it onto which ribosomes attached
                1. Ribosome - where protein synthesis occurs
                  1. Chloroplast - contains chlorophyll which absorbs light energy to make glucose.
                    1. Cell membrane - controls movement into and out of the cell
                  2. Bacterial cells
                    1. Bacteria are very small single-celled organisms. Animal and plant cells are 10 to 100 times bigger.
                      1. Bacterial cells do not have a true nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts or a vacuole.
                        1. Plants keep their DNA inside their nucleus but bacterial cells do not have a nucleus so their DNA floats as circular strands.
                        2. Growth
                          1. Growth can be measured as an increase in height or mass. Animals grow by increasing the number of cells in the early part of their lives. The cells specialise or differentiate at an early stage into different types of cell to form tissues and organs. All parts of animals grow, but growth eventually stops.
                            1. Plants grow by cell division and cell enlargement. They gain height mainly through cell enlargement. Many plant cells retain the ability to differentiate so they can grow continually throughout their life. Growth only happens in the roots and the shoot tips - areas called meristems.
                              1. Growth in organisms generally follows a typical S shape pattern.
                              2. Measuring Growth
                                1. Human Growth
                                  1. Differential Growth
                                    1. Growth in Plants
                                      1. Stem Cells
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