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what is burn?

Nadia runs a fast food shop. One friday she spilled hot oil on her hand. she did not take a day off and only used painkiller and dressing.

cell death caused by intense by many factors

types?

necrosis vs apoptosis

its effect:

social

physical

body image disorder

avoiding coping or -ve coping

sexual issues

scar formation

disability

Thermal

Chemical

Electrical

mechanical

radiation

fire, boiling water or oil

acids and alkaline

by high voltage or Low voltage

friction

depends on dose and type of radiation.

the next day she went to health care, the doctor found she have a burn and pain persistent, unable to use hands and swollen, tender and red, blisters, bullae, necrotic cells.

what is blister?

doctor informed her she have 2nd degree burn

a small sac containing liquid or gas with diameter 0.5 cm or less

if it was large its called

bulla which is larger than 0.5 cm

after few days, the pain increased all the way to her armpits. she had fever. she went to doctor and he found her temp was 38 C

degree of burn injury

doctor told her: the burn appears infected that is caused by pathogenic bacteria

doctor took a wound swab from infected site to determine the cause of infection.

Burn wounds are dynamic and need reassessment in the first 24-72 Hours, otherwise bacteria invasion will occur.

he recommended antibiotics to her. And gave her penicillin injection based on Nadia's request.

why we do wound swab?

one week later nadia got better

what are antibiotics

6 months later, the doctor noticed the site of burn is elevated, thick, and itchy, and the doctor told her thats the normal body response to a burn and gave her an ointment

management and assessment

first Aid for burns

to assess amount of fluid loss

antibacterial resistance?

they don't treat infections caused by viuses.

of antimicrobial drug used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections. They may either kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria.

As part of screening programmes to identify patients who may be carrying infections without displaying any signs or symptoms.

To identify organisms in wounds known or suspected to be infected.

Impaired cellular immunity also humoral immunity defect , leading to local infection if severe can leads to sepsis & septic shock .

4th degree

3rd degree

2nd degree

1st degree

involves the subcutaneous tissues , fat , tendon , muscles , fascia ,nerves , vessels & bones

appear dark & leathery , the skin may appear translucent , mottled , or waxy white , the surface may be red & does not blanch with pressure , the surface is painful & generally dry , healing may be from edge but mostly needs skin graft .

red or mottled appearance , swelling , blister formation , the surface may have weeping , wet appearance , painfully hypersensitive even to air current .

erythema , pain , absence of blisters , not life threatening , do not require IV fluid replacement , totally heal in few days