transformers

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Transformers

a transformer is used by the national grid and changes potential difference ( voltage) of an alternating current using an electromagnetic induction. a transformer is a coil of wire wrapped around an iron core. theres 2 coils one on each side primary and secondary. if current flows through one coil it induces current into the other coil.

increasing voltage in power lines

high voltage means low current which means less energy and means its more efficient.

there are 2 types of transformer. step up or step down. step up are when the voltage you get out is more than you put in. step down is when the voltage you get out is less than the voltage you put in. to increase voltage you simply add more coils.

formula to calculate current and voltage in primary and secondary transformers is = Vp X Ip = Vs X Is

eg. Vp= 12 X Ip=3

12 X 3= 36

Vs= ?

Is= 0.75

36 DIVIDED BY 0.75= 48

Vs=48