C1 level vocabulary

Page 1

BY: is used for the means of travelling: by train, by car, by plane.

ON: is used for actions involving body parts: On foot (pl: feet)

1. Things you get on: train, plane, bus, boat (commercial and public transport)

The passengers are on the plane. We need to get on this bus/train/plane/boat

We need to get on this bus/train/boat/plane.

2. Things you get in: in the taxi, in the car, in the van, in the truck

To tell not the truth: to lie - lied - lied If you are in the process of telling an untruth you´re lying

To recline- to spread out: to lie -lay - lain Lying in bed is much more common

To place horizontally: To lay - laid - laid I lay myself

STOP=HALT

The guard ordered him to stop (=halt)

STOP=CEASE=END

The rain has stopped (ended, ceased )

I do not like smoking and I want to stop

Would you please stop that?

STOP STH =PREVENT, END

The parents stopped their children´s bad behaviour

STOP BY DOING STH = PREVENT = FORBID

The teenager´s parents stopped her going out to the pub

STOP DOING STH =CEASE DOING (the gerund activity stops)

Please stop calling me

Could you please stop making that noise? I´m trying to sleep (the speaker wants the noise to stop)

I stopped eating peanuts because I was allergic to them (the speaker no longer eats peanuts because of an allergy)

STOP + INFINITIVE = THE INFINITIVE ACTIVITY STARTS

While we were walking, we got lost so we stopped to look at the map

(the speaker stops the car in order to look up the map)

He was thirsty during his speech so he stopped to drink water

(the speaker stops speaking and drinks some water)

Page 2

laugh at loud - reírse a carcajadas

to solve the dilemma

I solve the dilemma of which University to go to by flipping a coin

To sort out the mess

It took me six months to sort out the mess caused by having my credit card stolen.

To clear up

Celia and Pablo cleared the misunderstanding with their neighbours

To overcome obstacles

There are still some obstacles to overcome before we can sign the contract

To solve the riddle

Where you able to solve the riddle of Angel´s missing shoes?

To solve this puzzle = to crack it

I´ve been trying to solve this problem all day and I cracked it

To get to the bottom of the mystery

I never got to the bottom of the mystery of why she stopped calling me

To crack the problem = to crack the puzzle

It took me a couple of years to crack the problem of how to avoid rush hour traffic and get to work on time.

Necessities

Harm the planet

Hill´s website promotes a lifestyle that doesn´t harm the planet.

sort = type

What sorts of actions or choices do you think he recommends or discourages?

To get rid of = to clear of = to free of

How easy do you find to get rid of stuff / to clear of stuff / o free of stuff?

Treehugger = ecologist

Hug = embrace (abrazo) = cuddle

He founded treehugger.com, a website dedicated to promoting a lifestyle that doesn´t harm the planet and to making complex environmental issues easier to understand.

Devoted to = committed to = dedicated to

(Spain is a devout country)

He´s currently the CEO of LifeEdited, a project devoted to living well with less.

To be worth -ing = to be good enough to = to merit

To spread = To propagate = to expand

Hill´s idea worth spreading is that we can actually be happier with fewer things, so long as (provided/providing) we are able to edit our lives in smart, practical ways.

Flatlined = stop increasing but don´t decrease

Even though I have everything money could buy my happiness flatlined.

To crowdsource (vb) = ask for help = appeal for help on the Internet

I crowdsourced advice on the best green holiday options.

I crowdsourced idea for a new employment

Provided - providing - provided that - providing that - as long as - so long as = on condition that = (Siempre y Cuando)

I will come to visit you tomorrow as long as/ provided it doesn´t rain.

Even= hasta, incluso; plano, parejo, igualado; even-number: número par

All even number are divisible by two

Odd = strange, unusual; odd-number = uneven number: impar.

Page 3

As regards / in regard to / regarding (con respecto a )

- There is also a great deal to be done as regards prevention

- As regards cooperation between United States and Spain...

- As regards the use of plant protection products...

- As regards reform of security system...

- As regards secondary education, does the private sectorhave a particular role to play?

Concerning

- That is also true concerning (en el caso de) the negotiations on trade

- There are no recommendations concerning (relativas) the education

- there is a greater understanding on the part of the international community concerning (en lo concerniente) those legitimate requests.

- Real participation to grant real influence on the challenges concerning (referentes) the life of every citizen,

Page 4

Compelling: persuasive

The court did not find the evidence compelling.

Compelling: forceful (convincente) convincing

The prosecutor has compelling methods of interrogation.

Compelling: interesting, exciting

Although the film was compelling, it did not make so much money in ticket sales.

Manifold: many, varied

Her manifold talents include acting, singing, and dancing.

Manifold: different elements

They drew up a manifold plan to deal with the failing economy draw up a planvi(devise a way to proceed) planear

draw [sth] vtr(attract)atraer⇒ v

Disparaging: (desdeñoso) depreciate, discredit, defame, censure, disdain, undervalue, ridicule, reduce...

- The radio announcer was attacked for his disparaging remarks about the women`s soccer team.

disparage [sb]⇒ vtr(speak badly of) hablar mal de loc verb. (formal) denigrar⇒ vtr

- You shouldn't disparage your boss; you never know who is listening.

No deberías hablar mal de tu jefe: nunca sabes quién está escuchando.

disparage [sth]⇒ vtr(speak badly of)hablar mal de loc verb

- George did nothing but disparage the play all evening.

Gorge no hizo nada más que hablar mal de la obra durante toda la noche

badmouth [sb], bad-mouth⇒vtr informal (disparage [sb]) difamar a vtr + prep

disparagementn (speaking badly of [sb] or [sth]) denigración nf menosprecio n

Conspicuous: thing, a person: noticeable

- Nancy's bright yellow jacket made her conspicuous among the spectators.

Conspicuous: (action: obvious)

- I know you are trying to sneak past the door, but the way you're moving is conspicuous.

Misgivings: feeling of doubt; doubts.

- Sarah had misgivings about her upcoming wedding

In the wake of [sth], in [sth]'s wake: (following) siguiendo los pasos de

- In the wake of the game the fans ran onto the pitch.

Tras el juego, los fanáticos corrieron a la cancha.

- In the wake of the Beatles' success a number of British bands released records in the US.

Siguiendo los pasos de los Beatles, muchas bandas británicas lanzaron álbumes en los Estados Unidos. Tras el éxito de los Beatles, muchas bandas británicas lanzaron álbumes en los Estados Unidos

haphazard adj (random) aleatorio/a adj; al azar loc adj. casual adj

- The artist's brush strokes looked haphazard at first, but quickly took shape.

Las pinceladas del artista parecían aleatorias al principio, pero enseguida tomaron forma.

Synonyms: casual, random, chance, unsystematic, unplanned, more...

haphazard adj(careless) descuidado/a adj

- Dan lost his job because of his haphazard work ethic.

Dan perdió su empleo por su descuidada ética de trabajo.

implausible adj (unlikely, hard to believe)inverosímil adj mf improbable adj mf poco convincente loc adj

The criminal's version of events was highly implausible; I don't believe a word of it.

La versión de los hechos que dio el criminal es inverosímil. No me creo ni una sola palabra.

Synonyms: improbable, unlikely, more...

topsy-turvy adj informal (upside down )dado vuelta loc adj. (coloquial) patas arriba loc adj

Synonyms: confused, upside down, disordered, disarranged,

skewed adj ( biased, distorted) sesgado/a adj

skew [sth] vtr (distort)distorsionar⇒ vtr. desviar⇒ vtr

- Irrational prejudices can skew people's perceptions of others.

Los prejuicios sin sentido pueden distorsionar la percepción que se tiene de otros.

skew [sth] vt rinformal, figurative (statistics: distort) sesgar⇒ vtr distorsionar⇒ vtr

- The researchers chose their research subjects carefully, in order to skew the statistics to give the result they wanted.

Los investigadores eligieron las muestras con mucho cuidado para sesgar las estadísticas y que estas mostraran el resultado que querían.

biased adj(person: partial, favourable to) parcial adj partidista adj prejuiciado/a adj

He's biased because his nephew's one of the applicants.

mayhem n (disorder, chaos) caos nm inv tumulto nm

There was mayhem at the airport after a suspicious package was found.

Hubo caos en el aeropuerto luego de que encontraran un paquete sospechoso

redress, redress [sth]vtr (correct, set right)rectificar⇒ vtr

corregir⇒ vtr reparar⇒ vtr compensar⇒ vtr

The company excelled at customer service because it always redressed customer complaints.

La compañía destacaba por su servicio de atención al cliente porque siempre rectificaba las quejas de sus clientes.

redress, redress [sb] vtr(clothe again) vestir de nuevo loc verb volver a vestir loc verb

The child complained that his clothes were uncomfortable, so his mother redressed him.

El niño se quejó de que estaba incómodo y su madre lo vistió de nuevo.

redress n(correction)rectificación nf corrección nf

The newspaper printed a redress of yesterday's error.

El periódico imprimió una rectificación del error de ayer.

redress n(amends)reparación nf enmienda nf compensación nf

excel⇒ vi(be very good, skilled) sobresalir⇒ vi distinguirse⇒ v prnl (figurado )brillar⇒ vi

When it comes to science subjects, Jane has always excelled.

Si hablamos de materias científicas, Jane siempre ha sobresalido.

excel at [sth] vi + prep(skill: be very good at)sobresalir en vi + prep

destacar en vi + prep

Ian excels at football.

Ian destaca en fútbol.

excel in [sth] vi + prep(subject: be very good at)sobresalir en vi + prep destacar en vi + prep

Martha isn't very good at languages, but she excels in chemistry.

Martha no es muy buena en idiomas, pero sobresale en química.

excellence n (great skill)excelencia nf

Excellence on the basketball court set him apart early on.

Su excelencia en la cancha de básquet rápidamente lo separó del resto.

excellence n (superiority)excelencia nf

Our goal is educational excellence for all of our students.

Nuestra meta es una educación de excelencia para todos nuestros estudiantes.

excellence n (greatness)excelencia nf

Her moral excellence is the thing that most people will remember.

Su excelencia moral es lo que la mayoría de la gente recordará.

Excellent adj (admirable, superior)excelente adj

She has excellent business skills.

Tiene excelentes habilidades comerciales.

excellent adj (person)excelente adj (education)sobresaliente adj

If you are looking for translators, she is excellent.

Si lo que busca es traductores, ella es excelente.

excellent interj (very good)excelente interj genial interj estupendo

You got the tickets? Excellent!

¿Conseguiste los boletos? ¡Excelente!

trailblazer, trail blazer n figurative (pioneer, innovative person) pionero, pionera nm, nf vanguardista n común

trailblazer, trail blazer n([sb] who marks a trail for others to follow) explorador, exploradora nm, nf

blaze n (fire) llamarada nf llamas nfpl fuego nm

Three fire engines were called to tackle the blaze at the factory.

Pidieron tres camiones de bomberos para controlar la llamarada que salía de la fábrica.

blaze n (bright light)resplandor nm

The soldiers could see the blaze of a lantern far ahead.

Los soldados podían ver el resplandor de un farol en la distancia.

a blaze of [sth]n figurative (anger, etc.: intense burst)arranque nm acceso nm

Graham yelled at his son in a blaze of anger.

Graham le gritó a su hijo en un arranque de ira.

blaze⇒ vi (burn brightly)arder⇒ vi

The campfire blazed in the darkness.

La fogata ardía en la oscuridad.

blaze vi(shine)resplandecer⇒ vi brillar⇒ vi

The stars blazed in the winter night sky.

Las estrellas resplandecían en el nocturno cielo invernal.

blaze vi(gun: fire continuously)disparar en ráfaga vi + loc adv

blaze n(brightness)resplandor nm

A sudden blaze lit up the sky.

Un súbito resplandor iluminó el cielo.

blaze n(mark indicating trail)señal vtr marca nf

The Appalachian Trail is marked with white blazes.

El sendero de los Apalaches está marcado con señales blancas.

blaze n(marking on animal's face)mancha nf marca nf

A black horse with a white blaze on its forehead galloped across the field.

Un caballo negro con una mancha blanca en la frente galopaba por el campo.

blaze [sth]⇒vtr(mark a trail)trazar⇒ vtr abrir⇒ vtr

The hiking trail was blazed by the Boy Scouts.

Los Scouts trazaron la ruta de senderismo.

blaze [sth], blaze [sth]abroad⇒ vtr(make known)correr la voz sobre, correr la voz acerca de loc verb

blaze a trail v exprfigurative (lead the way) (figurado)abrir un camino loc verb abrir nuevos caminos loc verb

blaze away vi phrasal(gun: shoot continuously)disparar una ráfaga v expr

blaze of colour (US), blaze of colour (UK) n([sth] intensely colourful) (AR, coloquial)colorinche nm

derroche de color nm + loc adj

blaze past vi phrasal(move fast)salir disparado loc verb salir volando loc verb

The car blazed past in a cloud of exhaust fumes.

El auto salió disparado en una nube de humo.

blaze past [sb/sth] vi + prep(pass rapidly)moverse como bólido loc verb

blaze past [sb/sth] vi + prepfigurative (sportsperson, team: defeat)arrasar⇒ vtr (figurado) pasar por encima loc verb

They blazed past the opposing team to win their first victory of the season.

Arrasaron con el equipo contrario para ganar su primer partido de la temporada.

blaze to victoryv expr(win spectacularly)ganar de forma espectacular loc verb

blaze up vi phrasalUK, informal (light cigarette, cigar, etc.)encender un cigarrillo loc verb

go out in a blaze of glory v exprfigurative (come to a heroic end)morir con las botas puestas expr

in a blaze of glory advfigurative (die, end: in a heroic way)morir con las botas puestas expr

He died in a blaze of glory.

in a blaze of publicity expr(with intense media attention)con gran despliegue publicitario expr

blazer n UK (jacket: school, college) (voz inglesa)blazer nm

The school uniform consists of a blue blazer and black trousers.

El uniforme de la escuela consiste en un blazer azul con pantalones negros.

blazer n(jacket: sports, club) (voz inglesa)blazer nm

Dress is casual but most men wear blazers.

La vestimenta es casual pero la mayoría de los hombres usan blazers.

forthright adj (outspoken, direct)directo/a adj sincero/a adj straightforward, direct, candid, frank

pave [sth]⇒vtr (surface: a path, road)pavimentar⇒ vtr

The workers are paving the new road.

pave over [sth], pave [sth] overvtr phrasal insep (surface: a path, road) pavimentar⇒ vtr

Mark paved over his garden so he wouldn't have to cut the grass anymore.

pave the way v exprfigurative (be a pioneer)sentar las bases expr

Ann is paving the way with her experimental surgical techniques.

pave the way for [sth], pave the way to [sth] v exprfigurative (be leading to) allanar el camino expr abrir camino expr

New research is paving the way for a cancer vaccine.

Recientes investigaciones están allanando el camino para encontrar una vacuna contra el cáncer.

pave the way (for [sth/sb]) v expr figurative (be first to do) abrir el camino loc verb

Pioneers in their covered wagons paved the way for settlement in the west,

to bits advinformal (into pieces)en pedazos loc adv

I tore all my old school books to bits the other day. Vb. tear, tore, torn: rasgar, lágrima.

El otro día rasgé en pedazos todos mis libros viejos de escuela.

to bits adv UK, informal, figurative (a lot) un montón loc adv

I love you to bits.

Te quiero un montón

bubbly adj (full of bubbles) burbujeante adj mf espumante adj mf efervescente adj mf

This champagne's amazingly bubbly, isn't it?

Esta champaña es muy burbujeante, ¿no es así?

bubbly adj informal, figurative (personality: lively) alegre adj mf jovial adj mf dicharachero/a adj lleno de vida loc adj

Her bubbly personality's just perfect for a salesperson.

Su personalidad alegre es simplemente perfecta para ser vendedora.

bubbly n uncountable, informal (champagne)champán nf (coloquial)espumoso nm

Shall we open a bottle of bubbly to celebrate?

come up with [sth] vi phrasal + prepinformal (devise, invent) (coloquial) inventarse⇒ v prnl

I'll have to come up with a plan.

Tendré que inventarme un plan.

elaborar⇒ vtr

Tendré que elaborar un plan.

come up with [sth] vtr phrasal insepi nformal (deliver, produce) conseguir⇒ vtr

Will you be able to come up with the cash by the end of the month?

crack of dawn (sunrise) amanecer nm alba nf

at the crack of dawn expr informal (early in morning) de madrugada, en la madrugada loc adv al romper el alba,

I have to get up at the crack of dawn to get to work on time.

Tengo que levantarme de madrugada (or: en la madrugada) para llegar a tiempo al trabajo.

be in debt vi + adj (owing money)estar endeudado loc verb estar en deuda loc verb

I always pay my bills on time because I hate to be in debt.

Siempre pago las facturas al momento porque no me gusta nada estar endeudado.

in debt to [sb]adj + prep(owing money to [sb]) (dinero)deber algo a loc verb

in debt to [sb]for [sth] expr figurative (morally obligated)estar en deuda con loc verb

be in debt to [sb] for doing [sth] v expr figurative (morally obligated)estar en deuda con alguien por loc verb

I will be forever in debt to you for saving my life.

Estaré en deuda contigo toda mi vida por salvarme la vida.

deep in debtadj(in extreme financial debt) (coloquial)endeudado hasta el cuello, endeudado hasta la coronilla expr

She was so deep in debt that the only solution appeared to be bankruptcy.

Estaba endeudada hasta el cuello y la única solución parecía ser la bancarrota.

(coloquial)asfixiado por las deudas loc adj

Estaba tan asfixiada por las deudas que la única solución parecía ser la bancarrota.

(coloquial, figurado)hasta el cuello de deudas, al horno de deudas expr

Estaba tan hasta el cuello de deudas que la única solución parecía ser la bancarrota.

(coloquial, figurado)ahogado en deudas loc adj

Estaba tan ahogada en deudas que la única solución parecía ser la bancarrota.

(MX, coloquial)endrogado adj

Estaba tan endrogada que la única solución parecía ser la bancarrota.

get bogged down in debt v exprinformal (owe money)endeudarse hasta el cuello v prnl + prep

Neil found himself getting bogged down in debt.

Synonyms: in the red, in arrears, indebted,

groin n(body )ingle nf The groin area (partes nobles)

Harry wore a cup while playing football to protect his groin.

Harry se puso un suspensorio mientras jugaba al fútbol para proteger su ingle.

bizarre adj(strange)extraño/a, raro/a adj estrambótico/a adj (persona)estrafalario/a adj

Dessert was a bizarre dish that included fish as an ingredient.

El postre era un extraño plato que tenía pescado como ingrediente.

Synonyms: odd, strange, eccentric, grotesque, fantastic

child custody n(guardianship)custodia nf tutela nf guarda nf

In some cases, child custody can be awarded to the adoptive parent.

En algunos casos, la custodia de un menor puede otorgarse al padre adoptivo.

custody of children n(law: parent responsibility)

It was a bitter custody battle

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FIXED PHRASES

- She is saving money with a view to buying a car

With a view to +ing: in order to do sth

- He has no income other than an allowance from his parents

Other than: except

- My dad rarely has a weekend off work, let alone a whole week

Let alone: much less

- I don't want to go out. For a start, it's late. It's also cold.

For a start: in the first place

- Occasionally you can get cheap concert tickets, but by and large, they're quite expensive.

By and large: in general

- This shop is first and foremost a food store, but it also sells household items.

First and foremost: more than anything else

- My motorbike's off the road so, for the time being, I'm using buses.

For the time being: for now but not permanently

Page 6

keep your fingers crossed,

have your fingers crossed v exprfigurative (wish for good luck)cruzar los dedos loc verb

Page 7

Once in a blue moon adv figurative (very rarely)

He only calls once in a blue moon. Sólo llama muy rara vez

by the skin of your teeth expr (only just, barely) por los pelos

An amateur, not a professional, rugby player was told that he had avoided prison ‘by the skin of your teeth’ after he crashed his car when drunk, drove it away and then tried to pretend he had not been behind the wheel.

In the twinkling of an eye, (twinkle: parpadear, centellear)

in the blink of an eye expr figurative, informal (instant, brief moment) en un abrir y cerrar de ojos loc nom m

And in the twinkling of an eye she was gone. Y en un abrir y cerrar de ojos había desaparecido.

on the blink adj slang (not functioning properly) no ir bien, no andar bien loc verb

My television is on the blink, so I can't watch my favourite show tonight.

Mi televisión no va bien, así que no puedo ver mi programa favorito esta noche.

without batting an eye, without batting an eyelid, without blinking an eye, without a blink. Sin mover un pelo.

It's high time expr informal (urgency)ya va siendo hora de que expr

It's high time I went to the doctor; I've postponed it four times. It's high time you found a job

It's about time interj informal (impatience) (impaciencia)ya era hora expr. ya iba siendo hora de expr

It's about time you returned my book! Ya era hora de que me devolvieras el libro.

It's about time! interj informal (impatience) finalmente interj ¡ya era hora! loc interj

"I'm going to apply for a job." "It's about time!"

at the eleventh hour advf igurative (at the last moment) a último momento loc adv

At the eleventh hour, the supplies reached the starving villagers.En el último momento

in the long run expr (eventually)a la larga loc adv

It's probably for the best in the long run.

It will be a little bumpy at first, but in the long run it will be well worth it. Estará muy movido al principio, pero a la larga valdrá la pena.

call it a day v exprinformal (stop doing [sth]) (ES)

I've been working for hours, I'm going to call it a day.

He estado trabajando durante horas, doy el día por terminado.

let's call it a day expr(stop work for today)terminemos por hoy expr. demos por terminado el día expr

When the computer crashed for the ninth time, the boss said, "Let's call it a day".

a whale of a time - having a great time

If someone says they are having a whale of a time they mean they’re enjoying themselves very much. It’s one instance of the more general idiom a whale of a ..., an exceedingly great example — for good or bad — of a particular thing. Grammarians call this kind of usage an intensifier since it adds a superlative to what follows.

dwell⇒ vi formal, literary (live) residir⇒ vi (formal) morar⇒ vi

George has dwelled here all his life.

dwell vi informal (think too much about [sth]) obcecarse ⇒ v prnl obsesionarse⇒ v prnl

I know what's happened is sad, but try not to dwell.

dwell on [sth/sb], dwell upon vi + prep (be preoccupied with) preocuparse por v prnl + prep

Try not to dwell on your failures. Trata de no preocuparte por tus fracasos.

dwell on [sth]vi + prep(speak about [sth] at length)extenderse⇒ v prnl dilatar

dwell on something — phrasal verb with dwell US /dwel/ verb [ I always + adv/prep ] past tense and past participle dwelt US/dwelt/ dwelled fml

to think or talk about something a lot of the time:

"Let’s not dwell on the past," she said.

clock in, also UK: clock on vi phrasal (start work)fichar⇒ vi =>=> clock out

Steven clocks in at 7 every morning. Don't forget to clock in when you get to work.

like clockwork expr(regularly, predictably) (coloquial) como un reloj loc adv

The cat shows up like clockwork every time we eat fish.

Like clockwork, my phone always rings as soon as I fall asleep.

supply [sth]⇒vtr(provide: [sth])suministrar⇒ vtr abastecer de vtr + prep proveer de vtr + prep

A local florist supplied all the flowers for free. Una florista local suministró todas las flores de forma gratuita.

supply [sth] to [sb/sth] vtr + prep(provide [sth] to [sb])proveer de vtr + prep suministrar⇒ vtr

They supplied beer to the bar. Ellos proveen de cerveza al bar.

supply [sb/sth]⇒ vtr(provide with [sth])suministrar a vtr + prep (PR) suplir a vtr + prep

We know they're taking drugs but we don't yet know who supplies them.

Sabemos que están tomando drogas, pero todavía no sabemos quién los suministra.

supply [sb/sth]with [sth] vtr + prep (provide with [sth]) (persona) proveer a vtr + prep

They supplied him with the computer hardware. Ellos le proveen el hardware de la computadora.

supply n (store, stock) suministro nm

We have three months' supply of tuna to eat.

Tenemos un suministro de atún de tres meses para comer.

supplies npl (provisions: food, equipment) (uso en plural)suministro nm

Our backpacks held all of our supplies for the 7-day hike.

Nuestras mochilas contenían todos nuestros suministros para la excursión de siete días.

supply n(act of supplying)suministro nm

Our army unit is responsible for the supply of the soldiers at the front.

Nuestra unidad del ejército es responsable del suministro de los soldados en el frente de batalla.

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MAKE YOUR IDEA AND STAR SELLING IT

90% of new products fail at launch (lanzamiento: be put on the market)

I found him setting up (to set up: (assemble, establish) the stall with our

Page 9

loosen up vi phrasal literal (become more loose) aflojarse⇒ v prnl soltarse⇒ v prnl

loosen up vi phrasal informal (become more relaxed) relajarse⇒ v prnl (figurado)soltarse⇒ v prnl

After two drinks, he started to loosen up and enjoy himself a bit.

PHRASAL VERB

Relax one's muscles before taking exercise.

‘arrive early to loosen up and hit some practice shots’

Become mentally relaxed.

‘they taught me to have fun and loosen up

People assume they're loosening up because they're drinking alcohol,’ he says.’

‘‘Come on, George, loosen up,’ he wrote, ‘swing (move back and forth) man… be grateful, stop complaining.’’

Get a grip: regain self-control

You're overreacting, control yourself

It's time to stop panicking and get a grip

He's too nervous, he needs to get a grip

To grip: to grasp to hold (agarrar, sujetar) Note: Interjección empleada antiguamente para detener a los caballos y que ahora se usa para pedir calma: get a grip

drag [sth] in vtr phrasal sep(cat: bring indoors) traer a casa loc verb arrastrar a casa loc verb

Last night Tiddles dragged in three voles -roedor-, a mouse and half a woodpecker.

drag [sb] in vtr phrasal sep figurative (involve [sb] unwilling ) arrastrar a vtr + prep involucrar a vtr + prep

drag [sth] into [sth] vtr + prep(pull [sth] to another place)arrastrar algo a, arrastrar algo hacia loc verb + prep

Can you drag that chair into the living room? ¿Puedes arrastrar esa silla a la sala?

drag [sb] into [sth] vtr phrasal sepfigurative (involve [sb] in [sth])arrastrar a alguien a algo loc verb + prep

meter a alguien en algo loc verb + prep

drag [sth/sb]off vtr phrasal sep(carry away)sacar a rastras loc verb

drag on vi phrasal(continue tediously)hacerse eterno loc verb

The three-hour movie dragged on and on.

drag [sth/sb]⇒vtr(pull [sth], [sb] along the ground)arrastrar⇒ vtr arrastrar a vtr + prep

Cynthia dragged the large chair into the room. Cynthia arrastró la silla hasta la habitación.

drag⇒ vi(touch the ground)rozar⇒, tocar⇒ vi arrastrarse⇒ v prnl

I didn't know that my scarf was dragging on the ground. Now it's filthy!

No sabía que mi bufanda estaba rozando el suelo. ¡Ahora está sucia!

drag vi(pass slowly)estirarse⇒ v prnl hacerse largo loc verb

The movie starts to drag in the second half.

a drag nslang ([sth] boring, tedious) (coloquial)lata nf

(ES, coloquial)rollo nm (ES, vulgar)coñazo nm (AR, vulgar)cagada, mierda nf

Homework is always a drag.

Los deberes son una lata.

embrace [ɪmˈbreɪs] = hug = cuddle

embrace n (hug) abrazo nm

Carl's loving embrace reassured his wife.

El afectuoso abrazo de Carl hizo sentir mejor a su mujer.

embrace [sb]⇒ vtr(hug)abrazar⇒ vtr

He reluctantly embraced his former enemy.

Renuentemente abrazó a su antiguo enemigo.

embrace [sth]⇒ (accept) ⇒ vtr aceptar⇒ vtr recibir con los brazos abiertos loc verb

His colleagues embraced his proposals.

Sus colegas acogieron sus propuestas.

embrace [sth]vtrfigurative (welcome)aprovechar⇒ vtr

I would urge you to embrace this opportunity before it is too late.

Te instaría a que aprovecharas esta oportunidad antes de que sea demasiado tarde.

embrace⇒ vi(hug)abrazarse⇒ v prnl

The lovers embraced.

Los amantes se abrazaron.

embrace [sth]⇒ vtrfigurative (adopt)adoptar⇒ vtr abrazar⇒ vtr

The emperor eventually embraced the new religion.

El emperador finalmente adoptó la nueva religión.

pinch [sb/sth]⇒ vtr(squeeze with fingers)pellizcar⇒ vtr pellizcar a vtr + prep

Nancy pinched the baby's cheek.

pinch [sth]from [sth]⇒ vtr(break off) pellizcar algo de loc verb

Lucy pinched a piece of cookie dough (masa) from the ball and placed it on the baking tray.

pinch [sth] in [sth] vtr + prep(trap sharply)agarrarse algo con loc verb pellizcarse algo con loc verb

He pinched his fingers in the car door as he closed it.

Se agarró los dedos con la puerta del auto mientras la cerraba.

pinch⇒ vi(shoes: be tight) (zapatos)apretar⇒ vtr

These shoes pinch.

ⓘ Estos zapatos no me van bien, me aprietan un poco.

pinch [sth]⇒vtrinformal (steal) (ES, coloquial)mangar⇒ vtr (AR, UY, coloquial)afanar⇒ vtr

Did you buy that necklace or did you pinch it? I pinched these flowers from the park!

¿Compraste el collar o lo mangaste?

pinch n(squeeze with fingers)pellizco nm

Paul's pinch was a warning to Daniel to stay quiet.

pinch, pinching n(painful squeezing sensation)pinchazo nm pellizco nm

pinch [sb]⇒vtrinformal (arrest)atrapar a vtr + prep arrestar a vtr + prep

The police pinched Ben trying to steal wine from the local supermarket.

pinch [sb] vtr(shoes, clothes: be tight)apretar a vtr + prep

These shoes are pinching me.

consistent adj(in accord)congruente adj mf

Her testimony and the statement she originally made to police are not consistent.

Su testimonio y la declaración que hizo originalmente a la policía no son congruentes.

The two parties are now in accord and the strike can be called off.

Las dos partes se han puesto de acuerdo y finalmente se desconvoca la huelga.

consistent with [sth] adj + prep (in agreement) coherente, consecuente adj mf

The judge's ruling is consistent with the outcomes of similar court cases in the past.

El veredicto del juez es coherente (or: consecuente) con el resultado de otros casos similares del pasado.

consistent adj(constant, reliable)constante adj mf

He is a very consistent worker. He rarely makes mistakes.

Es un trabajador constante. Es raro que cometa errores.

consistent adj(data, information: unvarying)consistente adj mf

Are these two sets of data consistent?

¿Son consistentes estos datos?

smack [sb/sth]⇒ vtr(hit with open hand)dar una bofetada, d

When a stranger pinched Wendy's bum, she turned around and smacked his face.

Cuando el desconocido le pegó un pellizco en el culo a Wendy, esta se giró y le dio una bofetada en la cara.

smack [sb]⇒vtr(strike: a child as punishment)pegar⇒ vtr

Some people think you should never smack children.

Hay gente que piensa que a los niños no se les debe pegar.

smack n(hit with open hand)bofetada nf (coloquial)torta nf

David didn't like disciplining the dog, but sometimes a smack was the only way to get him to behave.

Sarah gave the man who insulted her a smack.

A David no le gustaba castigar al perro, pero, a veces, se veía obligado a darle una bofetada para que se portase bien.

Sarah le dio una bofetada al hombre que la insultó

snap⇒ vi(break with noise) (con un chasquido)romper⇒ vtr (coloquial)chascar⇒ vtr

The branch snapped under the weight of the fruit.

snap vi(rope, cord) (cuerda)romperse⇒ v prnl partirse⇒ v prnl quebrarse⇒ v prnl

snap [sth]⇒vtr(break with noise)partir⇒ vtr

Mary was holding a twig in her hands and she snapped it.

snap⇒ vi(close with click sound)cerrar de golpe loc verb

Natalie turned the key and heard the lock snap.

snap vi(attempting to bite)morder⇒ vtr intentar morder loc verb

The dog was growling and snapping. The horse snapped at Linda's hand.

snap at [sb] vi + prep(speak sharply or angrily to)gritar a vtr + prep hablar mal a loc verb

I know you're frustrated, but that doesn't give you an excuse to snap at me like that.

snap n(breaking noise)chasquido nm crujido nm

Trevor looked round when he heard the snap of a twig behind him.

snap n(sharp sound)chasquido nm

The snap of the whip scared the horse.

snap n(snapshot: quick photo)foto nf

Uncle Bob showed us his holiday snaps.

crutch n usually plural (walking stick)muletas nfpl [ˈkrʌtʃ]

He's walking on crutches because he has a broken ankle.

Camina con muletas porque tiene un tobillo roto.

crutch nfigurative (psychological aide) (figurado)muleta nf apoyo nm soporte nm

I think you're using your religion as a crutch.

Creo que estás usando tu religión como apoyo.

prompt [sb] to do [sth] v expr(encourage [sb] to do [sth])provocar a alguien para que haga algo loc verb

motivar a alguien para que haga algo loc verb causar que alguien haga algo loc verb

It was James's mother who prompted him to apply for university courses.

La madre de Jimmy lo provocó para que se apunte a los cursos de la universidad.

prompt [sth]⇒vtr(give rise to)provocar⇒ vtr generar⇒ vtr dar lugar a loc verb

The minister's resignation is bound to prompt debate as to the reasons behind it.

La renuncia del ministro seguro va a provocar debate respecto de las causas.

idle [ˈaɪdəl] (person: doing nothing) ocioso/a adj desocupado/a adj

The workers were idle because of the late shipment of materials.

idle adj(person: lazy)vago/a adj holgazán adj mf (AR, coloquial)larva, lacra adj mf

Helen hoped that her idle daughter would become more motivated if she got a job.

idle adj(time: non-productive)improductivo/a adj inactivo/a adj

Fred liked to spend his idle time fishing in the creek behind his house.

idle adj([sth]: not being used)que no se usa loc adj

The new equipment was left idle in the warehouse because of the endless bureaucracy.

idle adj(gossip, etc.: pointless)inútil adj mf (figurado)vacío/a adj

idle⇒ vi(engine: be left running)dejar en reposo loc verb

dejar parado loc verb estar al ralentí loc verb

Peter let his car idle at the traffic light.

[ˈhwaɪn]

whine⇒ vi(cry plaintively) (queja)gimotear⇒ vi lloriquear⇒ vi

The dog whined outside the door.

El perro gimoteaba detrás de la puerta.

whine vi(complain)quejarse⇒ v prnl

I can't stand Robert; he's always whining.

No aguanto a Robert; siempre está quejándose.

whine about [sth/sb] vi + prep(complain about)quejarse de v prnl + prep

The children were whining about how hungry they were.

Los niños se estaban quejando del hambre que tenían.

whine n(noise)chirrido nm chillido nm

The radio wasn't properly tuned and the whine was giving Linda a headache.

La radio no estaba bien sintonizada y el chirrido le estaba dando a Linda dolor de cabeza.

whine n(plaintive cry)quejido nm gemido nm

The dog's whine told Steve he wanted food.

El quejido del perro le indicó a Steve que quería comer.

whining n(crying)aullido nm gemido nm quejido nm

The dog's whining grew louder.

Los aullidos del perro eran cada vez más fuertes.

whining n(complaining)lloriqueo nm queja nf

Sarah told the children to go to their rooms, as she was sick of their whining.

Sarah dijo a los niños que se fueran a sus habitaciones porque estaba harta de sus lloriqueos.

whining n(sound) (sonido)chillido nm

Patrick could hear the whining of a plane engine in the distance.

Patrick podía oír el chillido del motor de un avión en la distancia.

[ˈbuːstər] booster n(electricity: to increase current)elevador de voltaje, elevador de tensión, elevador de potencia nm + loc adj

We need a booster to increase the voltage going to the garage.

Necesitamos un elevador de voltaje para el garage.

booster n(radio: to strengthen signal)intensificador de señal nm + loc adj

A booster on top of the mountain improved radio reception.

Un intensificador de señal en la cima de la montaña mejoró la recepción de la radio.

booster n(medicine: additional dose of vaccine) (vacunación)dosis de refuerzo nf + loc adj dosis adicional nf + adj mf

Adults should get a tetanus booster every ten years.

Los adultos deberías darse una dosis de refuerzo contra el tétanos cada diez años.

booster n(supporter of a cause)adepto nm propagandista n común seguidor nm

booster seat n(child's car seat) (auto)silla de bebé nf + loc adj

Ray installed a booster seat in the car for his four-year-old son.

Ray puso una silla de bebé en su coche para su hijo de cuatro años.

booster seat n(child's seat at a table)elevador de asiento nm + loc adj

A booster seat increases the sitting height of a child.

Un elevador de asientos sube la altura en el asiento de un niño.

tantrum n(child: fit of rage)berrinche nm pataleta nf rabieta nf

It's important not to give in if your child has a tantrum.

Es importante no ceder cuando tu hijo tenga un berrinche.

temper tantrumn (angry outburst) rabieta nf berrinche nm

Even though Carol's an adult, she still has temper tantrums when she doesn't get her way.

Aunque Carol ya es adulta, aún tiene rabietas cuando no se sale con la suya.

Page 10

SUPERNANNY

Concern - affect (sb)

This is an issue that concerns everyone

Concern = trouble (preocupar)

His health really concerns me

Concern = preoccupation

Thank you for your concern, but I'm fine

Concern= be about; regarding (sth) estar relacionado con

My question concerns your recent statements about foreign policy

Business concern = company

Concern for the environment = ecology, environmental awareness

Greenpeace tries to raise concern for the environment through dramatic actions.

Concern yourself with = worry about

I'll buy it for you, so don't concern yourself with the cost

It's best not to concern yourself with things you cannot change

Growing concern = cause of worry

The safety of the environments a growing concern these days

Matter of concern = sth worrying

The meningitis outbreak is a matter of concern for health officials (servicios de salud)

To whom it may concern

Overpowering = very strong = overwhelming (Overpower)

The smell of curry is overpowering

Overpower = overwhelm by (sobrepasados by)

We were overpowered by the tragic scene

Emotional = sensitive person; event = moving (emotivo)

It was really emotional saying goodbye to JoJo

Run rings around sb = be far better at (dar mil vueltas a alguien)

That was a big turn in our family (turn=change)

That's priceless = invaluable

I was so done = so frustrated

slam [sth]⇒vtr(door: close violently) (una puerta)cerrar de un golpe loc verb

golpear⇒ vtr

The teenager slammed the door as she left the room after another argument with her parents.

La adolescente cerró la puerta de un golpe cuando se fue de la habitación tras haber discutido con sus padres.

slam⇒ vi(door: close violently)cerrar de un portazo loc verb

dar un portazo loc verb

cerrar de golpe loc verb

azotar la puerta loc verb

The wind blew through the open windows and the door slammed.

El viento se coló por las ventanas y cerró la puerta de un portazo.

slam into [sth/sb] vi + prep(collide with, hit)estrellarse contra v prnl + prep

darse contra v prnl + prep

The racing car spun off the track and slammed into the wall at high speed.

El coche de carreras se puso a dar vueltas en la pista hasta que se estrelló a todo velocidad contra el muro.

slam [sth/sb]⇒ vtr(hit forcefully)golpear⇒ vtr

abofetear⇒ vtr

dar una paliza loc verb

The waves slammed the shore.

Las olas golpeaban la costa.

slam [sb]into [sth] vtr + prep(hit forcefully against [sth])golpear a alguien contra loc verb

estrellar a alguien contra loc verb

She slammed him into the door and knocked the breath out of him.

Lo golpeó contra la puerta y lo dejó sin respiración.

slam n(shutting noise)portazo nm

Ian heard the slam of a car door and knew Tom must have just got home.

Ian escuchó como le daban un portazo al coche y supo que Tom acababa de llegar.

slam [sth]⇒vtr(criticize harshly)poner a parir algo loc verb

destrozar⇒, demoler⇒ vtr

(figurado)hacer polvo, hacer trizas loc verb

The critics slammed the director's new film.

Los críticos pusieron a parir la nueva película del director.

slam [sb/sth]for doing [sth] v exprinformal, figurative (criticize) (coloquial)echar una bronca a alguien loc verb

poner a parir a alguien por loc verb

hacer pedazos a alguien por loc verb

destrozar a alguien por loc verb

The boss slammed Norma for getting the order wrong.

El jefe le echó una bronca a Norma por equivocarse con el pedido.

I hace observed throughout the day

throughoutprep(time: during all of)durante prep

a lo largo de loc prep

Airplanes are landing throughout the day. Elspeth was spoiled throughout her childhood.

Los aviones aterrizan durante todo el día.

throughoutprep(space: all through)a través de loc prep

de punta a cabo loc adv

The bells can be heard throughout the city.

Las campanas pueden escucharse a través de toda la ciudad.

Additional Translations

InglésEspañol

throughoutadv(completely)de arriba abajo loc prep

completamente adv

I need to clean the house throughout.

Tengo que limpiar la casa de arriba abajo.

throughoutadv(all the way through)de principio a fin loc adv

When writing an essay, it is important to keep the same style throughout.

Cuando escribes un ensayo es importante mantener el estilo de principio a fin.

bottle [sth]up,

bottle up [sth] vtr phrasal sepinformal, figurative (repress: feelings, energy) (emociones)reprimir⇒ vtr

It is not emotionally or physically healthy to bottle up one's emotions.

No es física ni emocionalmente sano reprimir las emociones.

praise⇒ vtr(speak highly of [sb])alabar⇒ vtr

felicitar⇒ vtr

It is good to praise children for eating

She was praised for her volunteer work.

La alabaron por su trabajo como voluntaria.

La felicitaron por su trabajo como voluntaria.

praise vtr(speak highly of [sth])elogiar⇒ vtr

He praised the website as one of the best.

Elogió la página web diciendo que estaba entre las mejores.

Additional Translations

InglésEspañol

praise n(commendation)elogio nm

He found the praise gratifying, after so many years of work.

Encontró gratificante el elogio tras tantos años de trabajo.

praise n(worship)alabanza nf

(veneración)dar gracias loc verb

They gave praise to Pan for the trees and flowers.

Rindieron alabanza a Pan por los árboles y las flores.

Dieron gracias a Pan por los árboles y las flores.

praise vtr(worship)alabar⇒ vtr

Let us all praise the Lord.

Alabemos al Señor.

multitask,

multi-task vi(do several things at once)hacer muchas cosas al mismo tiempo loc verb

pantry n(food storage)despensa nf

bodega nf

almacén nm

Our house has a nice big pantry to store all our food in.

Is something important missing? Report an error or suggest an improvement.

Compound Forms:

InglésEspañol

kitchen pantry n(larder: food storage cupboard or room)despensa nf

tear up vi phrasalinformal (become teary-eyed) (coloquial)llenársele los ojos de lágrimas loc verb

If he sings a sad song, I'm going to tear up for sure.

Si canta una canción triste seguro se me van a llenar los ojos de lágrimas.

lagrimear⇒ vi

Si canta una canción triste seguro voy a lagrimear.

tear up the rulebook v exprfigurative (go against the rules)ir contra las reglas loc verb

household n(people) (gente)gente nf

We are going to have a meeting of the whole household tonight.

Vamos a tener una reunión de toda la gente esta noche.

household n(home)casa nf

The household was liable for taxes.

La casa estaba sujeta a impuestos.

householdadj(of a household)familiar adj

Our household income is slightly above average.

Nuestro ingreso familiar es algo superior a la media.

householdadj(used in household)de la casa loc adj

The thieves took all the household appliances.

Los ladrones se llevaron todos los aparatos de la casa.

householdadj(well-known)famoso/a adj

conocido/a adj

He is a household name across the country.

Él es famoso en todo el país.

Es conocido en todo el país.

Additional Translations

InglésEspañol

householdadj(ordinary)doméstico/a adj

It's a household tool kit, nothing special.

Es un utensilio doméstico, nada especial.

Is something important missing? Report an error or suggest an improvement.

Compound Forms:

InglésEspañol

head of the household n([sb] in charge of family)cabeza de familia n común + loc adj

cabeza de hogar n común + loc adj

jefe de familia, jefa de familia loc nm, loc nf

Forget about Dad, my Mum is definitely the head of the household!

Olvídate de papá, ¡mamá es la verdadera cabeza de familia!

household bill n(invoice for home utility services)cuenta nf

En verano la cuenta de la luz se va al doble, por el aire acondicionado.

household budget n(calculation of home expenses)presupuesto familiar nm + adj mf

Those DVDs aren't part of the household budget, you're going to have to pay for them yourself.

household chores npl(tasks done in the home)tareas domésticas loc nom fpl

Don't let household chores take up the whole of your day. Betsy said she had to finish her household chores before she could go out.

No dejes que las tareas domésticas te quiten todo el día.

trabajo de la casa loc nom m

No dejes que el trabajo de la casa te quite todo el día.

tareas del hogar loc nom fpl

No dejes que las tareas del hogar te quiten todo el día.

household effects npl(domestic belongings)pertenencias nfpl

The family narrowly escaped the tornado, having to leave all their household effects behind.

La familia escapó del tornado por un pelo, dejando todas sus pertenencias detrás.

efectos nmpl

La familia escapó del tornado por un pelo, dejando todos sus efectos detrás.

household electrical appliance n(machines that do household tasks)electrodoméstico nm

My grandmother lived her entire life without a single household electrical appliance.

Mi abuela vivió toda su vida sin un solo electrodoméstico.

household expense n(essential cost of living) (casa, familia)gastos domésticos nmpl + adj

gastos de un hogar nmpl + loc adj

household goods npl(articles used in the home)artículos domésticos nmpl + adj

I went to shops to buy some household goods.

Fui a la tienda a comprar algunos artículos domésticos.

artículos para el hogar nmpl + loc adj

¿Dónde puedo encontrar artículos para el hogar?

household income n(total earnings of a family)ingresos familiares nmpl + adj

household income is used to assess eligibility for student loans.

ⓘ Las becas son para estudiantes de bajos ingresos familiares.

household indebtednessn(total debt owed by family)deuda de familia nf + loc adj

Their household indebtedness included their mortgage, car payment and credit card bills.

household linen n(cloth items used in the home)ropa blanca loc nom f

household word (US),

household name (UK) n([sth] or [sb] famous)personaje famoso nm + adj

All of these famous actresses are household names. The footballer David Beckham is now a household name.

Todas estas actrices son personajes famosos.

hectic adj(with lots of action)frenético/a adj

agitado/a adj

Work at the shop was always hectic before Christmas.

El trabajo en la tienda siempre era frenético antes de Navidad.

sternness n (strictness) rigor nm severidad nf severity

stroller nUS (baby's pushchair)silla de bebé loc nom f cochecito nm

The cabin crew will check your stroller on the aircraft.

La tripulación de cabina facturará la silla de su bebé en el avión.

stroller n(person walking for pleasure) paseante n común

Strollers like to walk along the seafront at sunset.

A los paseantes les gusta caminar por la orilla del mar al atardecer.

stroll n(slow walk)paseo nm

vuelta nf

The couple went for a stroll after dinner.

stroll⇒ vi(walk slowly)pasear⇒ vtr

dar una vuelta loc verb

dar un paseo loc verb

Robert strolled along the beach.

There are things that I don't agree with at all but I understand why other people do it, and I've never had that before. It's weird going from that ...

a slap in the face

phrase

If you describe something that someone does as a slap in the face, you mean that it shocks or upsets you because it shows that they do not support you or respect you.

'The Sun' calls it a massive slap in the face for the government. [+ for]

Britons persist in treating any pay rise of less than 5% as a slap in the face.

Synonyms: insult, humiliation

slap in the facen(smack on the cheek)cachete nm

(AR, coloquial)bife nm

ⓘ Nunca olvidó esa bofetada que la madre le dio delante de todos los parientes.

slap in the facenfigurative (insult, rejection) (figurado)bofetada nf

His refusal to accept my apology was a slap in the face.

Su negativa a aceptar mis disculpas fueron una bofetada.

hit the nail on the head (nail = clavo)

hit the nail on the head v exprfigurative (be exactly right)dar en el clavo loc verb

Russell's comment really hit the nail on the head.

El comentario de Russell dio en el clavo.

Also found in: Dictionary, Thesaurus, Medical, Legal, Financial, Encyclopedia.

hit the nail (right) on the head

1. Literally, to strike a nail on its head (the flat, circular end). Here's the hammer—now go hit the nail on the head.

2. To be correct or accurate. You really hit the nail on the head with that answer—good job.

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Page 12

As you would expect / needless to say such training should cease at the slightest sign of discomfort.

Disagree with / take issue with

She took issue with his claim of innocence

Make certain = to ensure

Make a point of sth = say sth important

Will you stop interrupting me? I'm trying to make a point here.

Let's make certain (to ensure) we get there early.

I always book in advance at the theatre to make certain of getting a good seat

Give the same amount of attention = strike the balance

Which is more important productivity or quality? It's a question of strike the balance

The important thing in = the key to

What most people believe is that.... = The conventional wisdom also has that

None at all = no difference whatsoever

Nothing whatsoever (nada en absoluto)

It is unlikely = the odds are against you

One stage at a time = step by step

Pay attention to = take note of

Because of a particular reason = on the grounds that

William was fired on the grounds that his work performance was insufficient.

Despidieron a William bajo el argumento de que su rendimiento en el trabajo no era el adecuado.

Biased = partial = prejudiced against

Unbiased = decision fair = person impartial

At intervals (intervalos)

As it was unaccountable (inexplicable in english)

Thoroughly = completely

Distressed (with stress, upset)

Distress: mental pain, emergency, need for help, upset, cause to suffer, medical malfunction

Deceive: fool sby

To deceive sby into do sth = fool into doing

The positive thinking I was getting from my boss deceived me into thinking I would get the promotion

To die away (diminish fade, decrease, lessen, make smaller, belittle)

To die = to cease to live, be killed by

Unqualified (person lacking qualifications

Dwell: to live; think too much about sth

Dwell on sby/on sth

Dwell upon: be preoccupied with

Dwell on sth: speak about sth at lenght

George has dwelled here all his life

I know what has happened is sad but try not to dwell

Try not to dwell on your failures

Utmost= maximum effort, at furthest limit

Acknowledge that= admit that, accept as true

Beyond= for longer than, more advanced than, other than

- The hotel cannot hold reservations beyond 72 hours-

The solution to your problems is beyond my field of expertise

The laws of gravity are beyond dispute

Beyond that, I don't know what to say

She longed to go to the next village and beyond

Nick wasn't willing to spend anything beyond 20 euros

Conceal = to hide (callar, ocultar

Concealment = act of hiding; being hidden

Concealer: antiojeras

Wished for: desire, long to have

- I've always wished for a better life for my family

- Be careful about you wish for, you just may get in.

Gentility = refinement, sophistication

Gentle: kind, pleasant

Vouch for sth/sby: defend, corroborate

Formerly / previously

Former= previous, earlier // current = currently

Untainted = unspoilt

Taint=spoilt, contaminate

Stain: mancha, manchar. The tain of adultery ruined the preacher's career (preacher: religion: minister; shepherd (pastor)

Bleach : lejía

Atestiguar: to prove

Adquirir: to acquire

Cazadero: hunting groud

Take side with sby

Did they want to punish you because you take the side of the victims

An hour crawled by like a sick cockroach. (cucaracha)

Crawl: trepar, creep: reptar. Gatear: move on all fours

Oblivion (olvido) forgotten state; state of forgotting

I was a two-gun cowpoke(cowherd) fresh out of bullets

Bad things come in threes= if an unfortunate event has already occurred twice, it will most likely to happen a third

Hard-boiled man (egg)

Cynical = self-interested, sceptical, doubting

To lie lay lain = to recline (tumbarse, echarse)

to lay laid laid= to place horizontally (extender, poner)

to lie lied lied = telling not the truth

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C1 level vocabulary

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