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Data, Packets and Frames:

- each host has an ip address and a MAC address(unique)

- each host is connected to a switch, which is a LAN

- the switch on one network is connected to a router-which has the network ip address and mac address for all the network it is connected to

data--> packets--> frame-->host1--> switch1--> router--> switch2-->host2

The data to be sent is broken up into a packet. Packet contains the source address(the destination address) and the packet is encapsulated in a frame. The frame contains the IP address of the host. Each frame will go to a switch. A switch will break down the frame and analyse what the frame holds. It will then wrap its own frame (envelope) around the packet- containing the switches ip address which will go the router. The router is connected to all the networks and will hold the mac address and ip address of the network where the data is going to. Router breaks down the frame and analysises where the packets needs to get to-because each packet contains the ip address of where the data is to be sent to. The frame contains the mac address. This gets sent to the switch which breaks the frame down and gets sent to the host at the other end.