Flashcards
Computer studies
Flashcards do conjunto (30)
- 1What is an Embedded SystemEmbedded Systems are designed and programmed for a specific task
- 2Why are embedded systems used instead of computer systemsBecause they are cheaper and quicker to make and easier if they are designed for a specific task
- 3What is the purpose of the CPUThe CPU processes all of the data and instructions that make a computer system work
- 4What is the CPU made up ofThe CPU is made up of the main memory, the processor and the cache memory
- 5What is the role of the control unit in the CPUMain job is to execute program instructions by following the fetch - decode - execute. Controls the flow of data inside the CPU registers and output the CPU.
- 6What is the role of the Arithmetic Logic Unit in the CPU (ALU)Does calculation. Can do simple addition, subtraction, compare the size of numbers and do multiplication and division. Can aslo perform logic operations (AND, OR, etc...)
- 7What is meant by a registerRegisters are needed to hold temporary values / data during the fetch - decode - execute cycle
- 8Name the 4 Registers in the CPUMAR
MDR
Accumulator
Program Counter - 9What does MAR stand forMemory Address Register
- 10What does MDR stand forMemory Data Register
- 11What does the MAR doProvides a temporary memory location within the processor to hold the address of the location to be fetched from or stored to
- 12What does the MDR doProvides a temporary memory location within the processor to hold the data value being fetched or stored
- 13What does the Accumulator doStores results from executing instructions or performing a calculation
- 14What is the role of the program counterStores the memory address of the
next instruction to be executed - 15What is the Fetch - Decode - Execute cycleThe fetch decode execute cycle is the basic operation (instruction) cycle of a computer
- 16What happens during the Fetch stageThe memory address of the first instruction is loaded into the PC. The address in the PC is copied to the MAR. The PC is incremented to point to the next instruction to fetch. Memory address is sent from the MAR to the
RAM. - 17What happens during the Decode stageThe fetched instruction is decoded by the control unit to determine what the
CPU needs to do. - 18What happens during the Execute StageThe value in the PC is then incremented by 1 so that it now points to the next instruction which has to be fetched. The instruction is finally decoded and then executed by sending out signals to the various components of the computer. Then the cycle is repeated.
- 19What is meant by the term Clock SpeedClock speed of a CPU is how many fetch-execute cycles can be performed in one second.
- 20How many cycles are carried out in 1Hz1 Hertz (Hz) = 1 instruction carried out each second
- 21How many cycles are carried out in 1KHz1 Kilohertz (KHz) = 1000 cycles per second
- 22How many cycles are carried out in 1MHz1 Megahertz (MHz) = 1 million cycles per second
- 23How many cycles are carried out in 1GHz1 Gigahertz (GHz) = 1 billion cycles per second
- 24How does increased clock speed improve computer performanceThe greater the clock speed, the better the performance as more fetch-execute cycles are performed in a given time.
- 25What is a multi core processorA multi core processor is a processor with more than 1 core
- 26What is parallel processingParallel processing is where the cores work together on the same program
- 27What is multitaskingMultitasking is where the cores work on different programs at the same time
- 28What is the ROM and what does it stand forStores the BIOS and the Bootstrap Loader. Read Only Memory
- 29What does the RAM do and what does it stand forRandom access memory. Stores frequently used instructions to they can be fetched faster
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- FlashCards sobre Computer studies, criado por Tyler Mitchell em 28-02-2020.
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- Tyler Mitchell
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