Flashcards
Invertebrates
Flashcards do conjunto (37)
- 1Radial SymmetrySymmetry around a central axis. Cut through middle of organism in any direction produces 2 equal halves
- 2Bilateral SymmetryA single cut in only one direction will produce 2 equal halves
- 3CoelomA body cavity, or a fluid-filled space separating the digestive tract from the outer body wall.
- 4Functions of a coelomFluid cushions suspended organs to prevent internal injury, enabling internal organs to grow and move independently of the outer body wall. Functions as a hydrostatic skeleton in soft-bodied animals.
- 5AcoelomateNo body cavity.
Ex) Flatworms - 6PseudoceolomateA body cavity that is partially lined by mesoderm.
Ex) Roundworms - 7CeolomateA body cavity completely lined by mesoderm.
Ex) Earthworms - 8MesodermThe middle layer of an embryo in early development, between the endoderm and the ectoderm.
- 9EndodermInnermost layer of cells/tissue of an embryo in early development. Includes lining of gut and associated structures
- 10EctodermOutermost layer of cells/tissue of an embryo in early development. Includes epidermis and nerve tissue.
- 11ProtostomesAnimals that develop the mouth first in embryo.
Ex) Mollusks, annelids, anthropods - 12DeuterostomeAnimals that develop the anus first in embryo.
Ex) Echinoderms and chordates - 13PoriferaEx) Sponges
Sessile (don't move), simplest animals, no nerves/muscles, reproduce asexually/sexually - 14Porifera Feeding MethodFeed by collecting bacteria from the water which streams through their porous bodies (filter feeding), flagellated cells (choanocytes) trap bacteria in mucus and engulf food by phagocytosis. Cells (amoebocytes) pick up food from the choanocytes, digest it, and carry the nutrients to other cells.
- 15Filter FeedingWhen Porifera collect bacteria from the water which streams through their porous bodies
- 16ChoanocytesFlagellated cells used in Porifera feeding
- 17CnidariaEx) Jellyfish, Sea Anemones, Coral, and Hydras
Radial Symmetry, carnivores with cnidocytes (stinging cells) on their tentacles. Have a body plan that is a sac with the central digestive compartment (gastrovacular cavity). Also 2 body forms, move by jet propulsion. Reproduce sexually/asexually - 18CnidocytesStinging cells in Cnidaria
- 19Gastrovacular CavityCentral digestive compartment of Cnidaria. Functions as mouth and anus.
- 20PolypSessile body form of Cnidaria
- 21MedusaFree-floating form of Cnidaria
- 22PlatyhelminthesEx) Flatworms, tapeworms, flukes, planaria
Simplest bilateral animals, live in marine, freshwater and damp terrestrial habitats, include many parasitic species, lack digestive tract to absorb partially digested food from intestines of hosts. Use cilia to move, reproduce sexually/asexually - 23NematodaEx) Roundworms
Among most diverse and widespread animal, live in most aquatic habitats, in wet soil, and as parasites in the body fluids and tissues of plants and animals. Have mouth, anus, body cavity (pseudocoelom), reproduce sexually - 24AnnelidaEx) Segmented worms, earthworms, polychaetes, and leeches
Worms with body segmentation, live in the sea, most freshwater habitats, and damp soil. 3 major classes of annelids: Earthworms, polychaetes, and leeches. Use setae and muscles to move, reproduce sexually - 25SegmentationDivision of the body along its length into a series of repeated parts
Ex) Annelida, Anthropods - 26PolychaetesMarine, crawl/burrow in seafloor, have segmented appendages and hard bristles that help it move, also increase the animal's surface area for gas exchange and elimination of metabolic waste
- 27LeechesInclude blood-sucking forms and are mainly free-living carnivores found typically in freshwater. Have been used in medicine
- 28MolluscaEx) Snails, slugs, clams, octopi, squid
Soft-bodied animals, usually protected by a hard shell, often feed by using radula all have similar body type with muscular, visceral mass, and mantle. 3 major classes: Gastropods, bivalves, and cephalopods. Have large "foot" muscle to move, reproduce sexually - 29RadulaA strap-like rasping organ to scrape up food
- 30Mollusks Body PlanMuscular: Used for movement
Visceral mass: Containing most of the internal organs
Mantle: Fold of tissue that drapes over visceral mass and secretes shell if one is present - 313 Major Classes of MollusksGastropods: Snails and slugs
Bivalves: Clams, oysters, and mussels
Cephalopods: Squids and octopi - 32AnthropodaEx) Crustaceans, millipedes, centipedes, and insects
Named for jointed appendages, most successful for all animal phyla (diversity, distribution, and numbers). Segmented animals with appendages that have become specialized for walking, feeding, sensory reception, defense. Covered by exoskeleton, move with legs/wings, reproduce sexually - 33ExoskeletonHard plates above the skin
- 344 Main Classes of ArthorpodsArachnids: Scorpions, spiders, mites
Crustaceans: Crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, and barnacles
Millipedes: Eat decaying plant matter, have 2 short legs/body segment
Centipedes: Paralyze prey, have 1 pair of long legs/body segment
Insects: Bees, grasshoppers, ants, termites, cockroaches, outnumber all other life forms - 35EchinodermataEx) Starfish, sand dollars, and sea cucumbers
Named for spiny skin, all marine, mostly sessile or slow moving, lack body segments, have endoskeleton and water-vascular system, tube feet connected to water-vascular system for movement. Larvae form bilateral, adult form radial, reproduce sexually/asexually - 36EndoskeletonHard plates beneath the skin
- 37Water-Vascular SystemA network of water filled canals that circulate water throughout the echinoderm's body, facilitating gas exchange and waste disposal
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- FlashCards sobre Invertebrates, criado por grace-1017 em 10-03-2015.
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