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Flashcards

Chapter 4 keywords

Annissa Wiltshire IT GCSE Inglês 45 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (45)

  1. 1NetworkA series of nodes or workstations interconnected by communication paths.
  2. 2InternetA wide area network consisting of an international network of computer networks. It enables anyone connected to it to get information from any other computer on the system (if permitted).
  3. 3HubA hardware device that can have a number of devices/computers connected to it.
  4. 4SwitchA device that can have a number of other devices or computers connected to it. It is able to direct network traffic using the MAC address of a data packet
  5. 5LANLocal Area Network: A number of computers connected together, usually located close to each other (e.g. in one building).
  6. 6WANWide Area Network: A network formed by connecting several local area networks together using routers or modems
  7. 7BridgeA device that connects one LAN to another LAN that uses the same protocol.
  8. 8ModemA device that allows computers to connect to a network using the existing telephone cable network.
  9. 9Dial up modemA modem that uses the normal telephone network, dialing up the internet service provider whenever internet access is required. Unlike with a broadband modem, the system is not always on. It also ties up the telephone lines since it uses the same bandwidth as normal telephone signals.
  10. 10RouterA device which enables data to be routed between different networks e.g. between a local area network and a wide area network.
  11. 11ADSLasymmetric digital subscriber line: High-speed internet access service that uses existing telephone networks to send/receive data at much faster speeds than a dial-up modem.
  12. 12DownloadingTo transfer a file from a central computer/server/internet to the user’s computer/ workstation.
  13. 13UploadingTo copy files from a smaller computer system to a larger central system (e.g. uploading some photographs from your computer to a website).
  14. 14Data packetThe basic unit of communication over a digital network.
  15. 15MAC addressmedia access control address: Hardware address that uniquely identifies each device on a network.
  16. 16IP addressinternet protocol address: A numerical identification and logical address that is given to a device using a computer network. It uses the internet protocol to allow communication between devices on the network.
  17. 17GatewayA network point or node that acts as an entrance to another network – used to communicate outside the network node’s network.
  18. 18NICNetwork Interface Card: allows a device to connect to a network, e.g. the Internet. It often contains the MAC address.
  19. 19Network cableUsed to connect devices in a wired network. They offer faster data transfer rates than Wi-Fi and can be more secure.
  20. 20Wi-FiA system where it is possible to connect to a network or single computer through wireless communications.
  21. 21BluetoothOpen wireless protocol over a short distance that allows devices to communicate using radio waves instead of wires.
  22. 22AP / HotspotAccess Point: Used in wireless networks to allow access to the network at various points using wireless technology (e.g. an airport will have several APs allowing 100 per cent coverage for users).
  23. 23Spread-spectrum frequency hoppingCan be implemented in several different ways, but the most common type involves frequency hopping: instead of just transmitting on one frequency, a spread spectrum system switches rapidly from one frequency to the next. The choice of the next frequency is random, so it is almost impossible for someone to eavesdrop or jam the signal). It is used on cordless phones and in WiFi networks.
  24. 24WPANWireless Personal Area Network: A small communications network usually created for use by just one person using Bluetooth technology
  25. 25InfraredThe far red end of the light spectrum, between the visible and microwave part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
  26. 26BroadbandA telecommunications method in which a wide band of frequencies is available to transmit data. It allows internet traffic and normal telephone traffic to share the same communication lines.
  27. 27Search engineSoftware that retrieves documents or files or data from a database or from a computer network (especially from the internet).
  28. 28Social divide/digital dividePeople who don’t have access to computer equipment & IT skills, due to money, skills or where they live (e.g. country)
  29. 29Contactless cardUsed in debit & credit cards, a card can be read from a distance and don’t need swiping. They can also be used in security cards/passes.
  30. 30Holographic image (hologram)Photographic image that is 3D and also appears to have depth. They are often used on credit cards as an additional security device.
  31. 31Anti-virus softwareSoftware that detects and removes/ isolates computer viruses.
  32. 32Heuristic checkingChecking of software for types of behavior that could indicate a virus.
  33. 33False positiveA file or program that anti-virus software flags as infected but the user knows it is not.
  34. 34httpsAn indicator that a website is secure
  35. 35DPAData Protection Act – there are 8 main principles (see P.71, you need to know these)
  36. 36Fax machineShort for facsimile machine; used to send pages of text over the telephone network.
  37. 37Electronic faxingA fax sent electronically using the internet to an email address, with the fax message attached as an image file or pdf file.
  38. 38EmailAn electronic method of sending documents and other items such as photos from one computer to another, usually by way of the internet.
  39. 39Video conferencingAudio and visual communication between people at different geographical sites using the internet or some other wide area network. It makes use of special hardware (such as webcams, microphones and speakers) and special software (such as CODEC or communications software).
  40. 40Audio conferencingMeetings held using audio equipment: telephone, internet telephone or computer equipment with a microphone and speakers
  41. 41Phone conferenceAudio conferencing carried out over the telephone network
  42. 42Real timeMessages received as soon as they are sent, unlike, e.g. email, that is sent to an inbox and can be picked up later
  43. 43Echo cancellation softwareDuring video conferencing, microphone can pick up sound from the speakers which creates an echo. This software checks for sounds that reappear with a slight delay, and removes these echoes.
  44. 44VoIPThe use of the internet to send voice data in the form of digital data packets using internet protocols.
  45. 45Web conferencing/WebinarUses the internet to hold video conferences between delegates, with multiple computers. Users log on to a webinar to join and can leave at any time. The organiser can decide who can speak when using a control panel. These are often used for online training and education, and also business meetings.

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CHAPTER 4 NETWORKS AND THE EFFECTS OF USING THEM
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