Flashcards
Atomic Structure
Flashcards do conjunto (16)
- 1Atomic models (Dalton)Described atoms as solid spheres made up of different elements
- 2Atomic Models (Thomson)Atom was positively charged with negatively charged particles embedded. (electrons)
- 3Atomic models (Rutherford)• Gold foil experiment
• Fired alpha particles at a thin sheet of gold
• Expected most to be deflected but most passed straight through
- 4Atomic Models (Bohr)• Electrons exist in fixed orbitals
• Each shell has fixed energy
• Electromagnetic radiation emitted when electrons move between shells
• Radiation has a fixed frequency
- 5Relative Atomic MassThe average mass of an atom of an element on a scale where an atom of carbon-12 is exactly 12
- 6Relative Isotopic MassThe mass of an atom of an isotope of an element on a scale where an atom of carbon-12 is exactly 12
- 7Relative Molecular MassThe average mass of a molecule on a scale where an atom of carbon-12 is exactly 12
- 8Relative Formula MassThe average mass of a formula unit on a scale where an atom of carbon-12 is exactly 12
- 9Electron Shells
- 10Electron Configuration of Transition MetalsCr and Cu donate one of their 4s electrons to the 3d sub shell
- 11First Ionisation EnergyThe energy needed to remove 1 electron from each atom in 1 mole of gaseous atoms to form 1 mole of gaseous 1+ ions
EXAMPLE: O(g) --> O+(g) + e- - 12Factors affecting ionisation energy- Nuclear ChargeThe more protons in the nucleus, the more positive the nucleus is and so the stronger the attraction for the electrons
- 13Factors affecting ionisation energy- Distance From NucleusElectrons closer to the nucleus are more strongly attracted
- 14Factors affecting ionisation energy- ShieldingAs the number of electrons between the outer electrons and nucleus increases, outer electrons feel less attraction to the nucleus
- 15Second Ionisation EnergyThe energy needed to remove an electron from each ion in 1 mole of gaseous 1+ ions
EXAMPLE: O+(g) --> O2+(g) + e- - 16Ionisation trends down Group 2First ionisation energies decrease down group 2
Informações
- Descrição
- A level Chemistry FlashCards sobre Atomic Structure, criado por Safiyyah Omar em 14-04-2022.
- Criado por
- Safiyyah Omar
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