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Flashcards

Electromagnetic Spectrum

Angeluz Francine Precioso Science Inglês 122 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (122)

  1. 1A ___ in Physics is the movement up and down or back and forth.Wave
  2. 2What are the 3 Types of Waves?Mechanical Wave,
    Electromagnetic Wave,
    Matter Wave
  3. 3It moves through a medium.Mechanical Wave
  4. 4Do not require a medium to move through.Electromagnetic Wave
  5. 5It includes electrons and particles.Matter Wave
  6. 6Is an earthquake caused by a matter wave or a mechanical wave?Mechanical Wave
    (because the wave passes through the medium of land/earth)
  7. 7Parts of WavesAmplitude,
    Crest,
    Trough,
    Wavelength
  8. 8It is the height of the wave.Amplitude
  9. 9The highest point of the waveCrest
  10. 10The lowest part of the waveTrough
  11. 11The distance between two wavesWavelength
  12. 12Electromagnetic waves that are not dangerousNon-ionizing
  13. 13Electromagnetic waves that are high frequency and dangerous to our cells when absorbedIonizing
  14. 14These have the longest wavelengths and the lowest frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum.Radio and TV waves
  15. 15They can be produced by making electricity oscillate in an aerial, or antenna, and are used to transmit sound and picture information over long distances.Radio and TV waves
  16. 16They had a very short wavelength.Microwaves
  17. 17They are used in satellite communications because they can penetrate the ionosphere – a layer of the earth’s atmosphere in which there is a high concentration of charged particles.Microwaves
  18. 18They can penetrate the ionosphere – a layer of the earth’s atmosphere in which there is a high concentration of charged particles.Microwaves
  19. 19They are waves that lie in the region beyond the red end of visible spectrum.Infrared waves
  20. 20The wavelength of ___ is too long to be visible to the naked eye.Infrared waves
  21. 21This is most noticeable when given off by hot objects, especially when objects are red hot.Infrared radiation
  22. 22At about 700oC, these are the shortest waves present can be detected by the eye.Visible Waves
  23. 23Visible waves are what we know as ___.Light waves
  24. 24___ are what we know as light waves.Visible waves
  25. 25They make up only a small portion of the entire electromagnetic spectrum.Visible lights
  26. 26When white light passes through a prism, it is separated into its constituent colors:Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.
    (JUST REMEMBER THE ACRONYM
    "ROYGBIV")
  27. 27Violet has the ___ wavelength and red has the ___.Violet - Shortest,
    Red - Longest
  28. 28This color has the shortest wavelength.Violet
  29. 29This color has the longest wavelength.Red
  30. 30It is the highest frequency light.Violet
  31. 31It is the lowest frequency light.Red
  32. 32__ are invisible radiation that lie beyond the violet end of the visible spectrum.Ultraviolet waves
  33. 33___ has a shorter wavelength than violet light and carry more energy.Ultraviolet light
  34. 34The ___ is our main source of ultraviolet light.Sun
  35. 35The sun is our main source of ___.Ultraviolet light
  36. 36___ have short wavelengths and high frequencies and are very penetrating.X-rays
  37. 37They are produced by the rapid acceleration of electrons in X-ray machines that collide with atoms. These atoms emit ___.X-rays
  38. 38They are high-energy waves produced from nuclear reactions.Gamma rays
  39. 39They have shorter wavelengths than X-rays because energy changes within the nucleus are normally much larger than those that take place outside it.Gamma rays
  40. 40They are more dangerous than X-rays because radioactive substances emit them.Gamma rays
  41. 41In 1820, showed how a current carrying wire behaves like a magnet.Hans Christian Oersted
  42. 42In 1821, formulated the principle behind electromagnetic induction.Michael Faraday
  43. 43Demonstrate the magnetic effect based on the direction of current.Andre-Marie Ampere
  44. 44In 1879, showed experimental evidence of electromagnetic waves and their link to light.Heinrich Hertz
  45. 45Around 1862 he contributed in developing equations showing the relationship of electricity and magnetism.James Clerk Maxwell
  46. 46___ amplitude - Least powerful waveLargest
  47. 47___ amplitude - Most powerful waveSmallest
  48. 48Largest amplitude – ___ powerful waveLeast
  49. 49Smallest amplitude – ___ powerful waveMost
  50. 50What are some uses of Radio and TV waves?- TV Broadcasting
    - AM and FM broadcast radio
    - Heart rate monitors
    - Cellphone Communication
    - MRI (Magnetic Resonance
    Imaging)
    - Uses short radio waves with a
    magnet to create image.
  51. 51They have shorter wavelengths than X-rays because energy changes within the nucleus are normally much larger than those that take place outside it.Gamma rays
  52. 52In physics, these two words often go together like horse and carriage,Electricity and magnetism
  53. 53He performed a series of experiments designed to elucidate the exact nature of the relationship between electric current-flow and magnetism, as well as the relationships governing the behaviour of electric currents in various types of conductors.Andre-Marie Ampere
  54. 54He formulated the famous law of electromagnetism that describes mathematically the magnetic force between two electrical currents.Andre-Marie Ampere
  55. 55He made his first discovery of electromagnetism in 1821.Michael Faraday
  56. 56He took the work of Oersted and Ampere on the magnetic properties of electrical currents as a starting pointMichael Faraday
  57. 57In 1831, he achieved an electrical current from a changing magnetic field, a phenomenon known as electromagnetic induction.Michael Faraday
  58. 58He found that when an electrical current passed through a coil, another very short current was generated in a nearby coil.Michael Faraday
  59. 59While working with electromagnets in 1829, he made important design improvements by insulating the wire instead of the iron core.Joseph Henry
  60. 60He was able to wrap a large number of turns of wire around the core and thus greatly increase the power of the magnet.Joseph Henry
  61. 61He had made an electromagnet that could support 2,063 pounds, a world record at the time.Joseph Henry
  62. 62He also searched for electromagnetic induction and in 1831, he started to build a large electromagnet for that purpose.Joseph Henry
  63. 63He was the first to notice the principle of self-induction.Joseph Henry
  64. 64A brilliant physicist and mathematician, __, proposed Faraday’s electromagnetic induction to happen even in empty space.James Clerk Maxwell
  65. 65The symmetry between the fields fascinated him so much.James Clerk Maxwell
  66. 66He added two basic principles of electromagnetism: (1) a changing electric field in space produces a magnetic field, (2) a changing magnetic field in space produces electric field.James Clerk Maxwell
  67. 67He proposed that the alteration of electric and magnetic fields, generating and propelling each other in space, can be thought of as a form of moving energy.James Clerk Maxwell
  68. 68Maxwell further thought of this form of energy as a wave which he called an ___ wave.Electromagnetic
  69. 69What is the speed of electromagnetic waves?3 x 10^8 m/s.
  70. 70It was only after the death of Maxwell which a German physicist, __, designed an experimental set up that was electrical in nature and able to generate and detect electromagnetic waves.Heinrich Hertz
  71. 71Accelerating __ produce electromagnetic waves.electrons
  72. 72These waves are a combination of electric and magnetic fields.Electromagnetic waves
  73. 73All ___ can travel through a medium but unlike other types of waves, they can also travel in a vacuum.Electromagnetic waves
  74. 74It is a continuum of electromagnetic waves arranged according to frequency and wavelength.Electromagnetic Spectrum
  75. 75According to increasing frequency, the EM spectrum includes:Radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.
    (JUST REMEMBER THE MNEMONIC:
    "Raymond Miller Is Very, Undoubtedly an eXcellent Gentleman")
  76. 76Among the EM waves, the gamma rays have photons of __ energies while radio waves have photons with the __ energies.High,
    Lowest
  77. 77On the other hand in terms of wavelength, the wavelength of radio waves can be compared to the size of a ___ while the wave lengths of gamma rays are as small as the __.Football field,
    nuclei of an atom
  78. 78They have higher frequencies compared to radio waves that made it to be used in satellite communication.Microwaves
  79. 79They have the longest wavelength among the EM waves and has the fewest frequency and energy at the same time.Radio waves
  80. 80In __, the amplitude of the radio waves (RF carrier) changes to match that of the audio-frequency signal.Amplitude modulation
  81. 81In this process, instead of the amplitude of the RF carrier, it is the frequency of the waves that changes to match that of the signal.Frequency modulation
  82. 82After the modulation process, the modulated carrier wave will be sent to an amplifier that will magnify its energy. The __ is then sent to the transmitting antenna.Amplified modulated carrier wave
  83. 83The ___ helps the radio waves to bounce back radio waves and will be accepted by receiving antenna.ionosphere
  84. 84Once the radio waves reached the receiving antenna, a __ circuits selects the frequency of the station desired.tuner
  85. 85The received signal will now be sent to the ___ which will get the information, the AF signal from the modulated carrier waves. It will be sent to the ___ to increase its energy and will be transported to a ___ that will convert it to the original sound.Demodulator,
    amplifier,
    speaker
  86. 86Unlike radio waves, __ are used to transmit signals overseas.Microwaves
  87. 87Another application of microwave is __.RADAR or radio detection and ranging
  88. 88It is used to locate, track, recognize or detect object within a range.RADAR or radio detection and ranging
  89. 89It emits microwaves until it reaches the target and echoes will be produced from the target and will bounce back to the radar antenna.RADAR or radio detection and ranging
  90. 90It is commonly used in national defense by tracking aircrafts and ships from other countries that may trespass and cause threat.RADAR or radio detection and ranging
  91. 91It is also used to determine the velocity of automotive vehicles.Radar
  92. 92A mobile phone works by transmitting ___ which are received by cell sites and delivered to a target mobile phone.Microwaves
  93. 93It is used to cook or heat food.Microwave oven
  94. 94It is the use of light in medical treatment of a variety of ailments from topical infections and chronic wounds to autoimmune and chronic degenerative diseases.Phototherapy
  95. 95He is a well-known specialist who is conducting studies about phototherapy which is an emerging field of medicine today.Chukuka S. Enwemeka
  96. 96They are long, thin strands about the diameter of a human hair drawn glass.Fiber optics
  97. 97Another term for fiber opticsOptical fibers
  98. 98These strands are arranged in bundles called optical cables which are used in communication.Fiber optics
  99. 99Fiber optics are arranged in bundles called ___ which are used in communication.Optical cables
  100. 100Formerly, it was used by doctors to see the patient’s inside boy without conducting a major surgery.Fiber optics
  101. 101Nowadays, it is also widely used in communication for it is cheaper compare to silver and copper and can transmit signals as fast as the speed of light.Fiber optics
  102. 102They are best known to come from the sun, and many are afraid of it, but it is needed by our skin.Ultraviolet rays
  103. 103It helps our body to produce vitamin D which is essential in our body’s calcium absorption.Ultraviolet rays
  104. 104We have ___ which are used in checking signature on passbook. Through this, one can determine fake banknotes as well as fake money bills.UV lamps
  105. 105It is also used in sterilizing water from drinking fountains. It is also used in our water filters being attached on faucets.Ultraviolet radiation
  106. 106They are useful in diagnosing bone fractures and tumors.X-rays
  107. 107All __ are dangerous because they can damage healthy living cells of the body.X-rays
  108. 108Too much exposure to ___ can damage body tissues and can cause cancer.X-rays
  109. 109They are so strong that they can kill living cells that is why they are used to treat cancer through the process called radiotherapy. They are also used for sterilization of drinking water.Gamma rays
  110. 110Transforms AF signal and RF carrier wave to a modulated carrier waveModulator
  111. 111It converts sound wave to audio-frequency signalMicrophone
  112. 112It magnify or increases energy of modulated carrier waveAmplifier
  113. 113It produces radio frequency carrier waveRadio frequency oscillator
  114. 114Converts AF signal to sound energySpeaker
  115. 115It extracts AF signal from modulated carrier waveDemodulator
  116. 116It transmits and receives radio waveAntenna
  117. 117It selects the frequency of a station desiredTuner
  118. 118What are some uses of microwaves?- Microwave ovens
    - Bluetooth headsets
    - Broadband wireless
    - Internet
    - Radar
    - GPS
  119. 119What are some uses of infrared waves?- Night vision goggles
    - Remote Controls
    - Heat-seeking missiles
  120. 120What are some uses of ultraviolet waves?- Black lights
    - Security images on money
    - Harmful to living things
    - Used to sterilize medical
    equipment
    - Too much causes sun burn
    - Extremely high exposure can
    cause skin cancer
  121. 121What are some uses of X-rays?- Medical Imaging
    - Airport security
    - Moderate dose can be damaging to cell.
  122. 122What are some uses of gamma rays?- Sterilized medical equipment
    - Cancer treatment to kill cancer cells
    - Dangers
    - Kills nearly all living cells

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Science FlashCards sobre Electromagnetic Spectrum, criado por Angeluz Francine Precioso em 14-11-2022.
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