Flashcards
Population Change
Flashcards do conjunto (31)
- 1What is the definition of population distribution?How people are spread across an area
- 2What is the definition of sparsely populatedFew people that live in one area
- 3What is the definition of densely populated?Many people living in one area
- 4What can affect how sparsely populated an area is?Climate- Extremely hot climates or extremely cold climates may not be as habitable.
Soil- Infertile soils meaning crops can't grow (the himalyaians)
History of settlement- Few resources in the area for industry (lack of oil etc.) - 5How does the climate affect how densely populated an area is?Climate- where populations are able to grow crops
Soils- Fertile solids where crops can be grown such as valley rivers
History of settlement - Many resources for industry such as coal, oil, gas etc. - 6What is the Medical reason for the changes to the death rate in the world?New treatments to beat cancer are being invented, also people are becoming more aware of the link between unhealthy living and early death and so people in HICS are eating better.
- 7What is the Medical reason for the changes to the birth rate in the world?Better access to healthcare including inoculations for children leading to the decrease disease and the death rate and so less children are being born.
- 8What is the Social reasons for the changes to the death rate in the world?People now live in healthier conditions with sewage and tap water and so this lowers the death rate
- 9What is the social reason for the changes in birth rate in the world?If women receive an education they become more aware of the ways to control fertility and increases their choice of life which leads to a lower birth rate
The average life of marriage is now up to 30 and birth rates are lower as there is less time to have children. - 10What is the economic reason for the changes in death rate in the world?Poverty- High levels of poverty leads to an earlier death and increases the death rate
- 11What is the economic reason for the changes in birth rate in the world?Children cost a lot of money to feed and clothe and therefor because people prefer to provide 1-2 children instead of more and provide less.
- 12What is the political reason for the changes in death rate in the world?LICs have invested lots of money into providing the country with large sums of money to build clean drinking water to lower the death rate
- 13What is the political reason for the changes in birth rate in the world?Countries having policies like chinas one child policy decrease the birth rate.
- 14What is stage one like in the demographic transition model?Stage one shows that the total birth rates and death rates are the same but not at the same time and it is very high leading to a low population.
- 15What is stage two like in the demographic transition model?Stage 2 shows that the death rate is decreasing but the birth rate stays the same. This is because of the improvement in health care and sanitation of the country, leading the population to increase.
- 16What is stage three like in the demographic transition model?Shows the population still rising rapidly and the birth rate starts to fall because of the availability of contraceptions and because fewer children are needed for work because of the evolution of technology, the gap between the birth and death rate reduces.
- 17What is stage four like in the demographic transition model?The birth and death rate start to settle and are becoming more balanced but the population still increases. Birth control is more available and people want smaller families or careers for longer, and because of the health system improving this again reduces the death rate and the birth rate too.
- 18What is stage five like in the demographic transition model?Final stage shows that the death rate is much higher than the birth rate because there is a natural decrease in the population.
- 19Explain how the human and physical factor affect the density of the population in China?The east of China is densely populated because of the fertile floodplains of the rivers and near the coast because of the good transport links
The west of the country is sparsely populated because this area is where the Atai mountains are and it is too wet and cold to grow crops, also parts are desert and are too hot and dry to grow crops. - 20Explain how the human and physical factor affect the density of the population in the UK?The highlands is very sparkly populated because the weather is cold, soil is infertile and transport is difficult because of the mountains.
Old industrial areas in the Midlands have maintained high population density because of well established infrastructure.
Central wales has a sparse population density because it is cold, wet and a hill area of the UK, it also is very remote and so it is difficult to transport.
South wales has a high population density because of the natural resources available in this area (coal, Limestone, Iron).
Coastal towns such as Brighton and Bournemouth have a high population density, but of old retired people because it is warmer than the other areas of the UK. - 21Why did China have to reduce its population (Birth Rate)?Because in 1979 China accounted for 1/4 of the worlds population and 66% of the population was under 30 meaning that the birth rate would then continue to increase a lot.
- 22What incentives did the chineese government use to persuade people to stick to their one child policy?Couples were given a 'one child certificate' this then entitled them to a package of benefits such as; Cash bonuses, free education, free medical care, better child care.
- 23What discentives did the chineese government use to persuade people to stick to their one child policy?If the couple then had another child they then lost all them privileges could be sacked from their jobs and also receive fines. Women that had unauthorised pregnancies were pressured to have abortions and those who already had children were urged to use contraceptives and some were told to undergo sterilisation.
- 24What were the exceptions to Chinas one child policy?In Rural ares where about 70% of the population live, a second child is generally allowed after 5 years, however this usually only applies if the first child is a girl. A third child could also sometimes be allowed among some ethnic minorities and in remote unpopulated areas.
- 25How did Singapore increase their population by using incentives and disincentives surrounding the birth rates?People with 3 or more children were:
Given access to the best school
Given spacious apartments
Given $3000 for the first or second child
Given $6000 for the third or fourth child
Given access to the cheap nurseries
Young graduates were also encouraged to come and live in Singapore and start families. - 26What is the consequences of having a youthful population?There will be a greater demand on the health service for midwives and hospital care for babies and mothers
There would be a great demand for the education sector
There would be less demand for pensions as the population would be youthful
there is a large workforce and there are many children to look after their parents in the future and so less would be needed to take care of the elderly in the future. - 27What is the consequences of having a elderly population?There is a greater need for specialist nursing for the elderly
There will be less money for education due to the high demand for the money in the elderly services
More houses will be needed because people are living longer
The pension age will have to increase to 68
The elderly work voluntarily in shops
The retired go on more holidays leading to ore jobs in the holiday leisure sector of tourism. - 28What are the disadvantages of Japans Ageing population?The workforce is too small to support the number of people that have retires
The solution to the shortage of workers had led to over 2 millions foreigners living and working there and most illegally
There isn't enough tax money to pay for pensioners and so they have had to increase the retirement age
The increase of the cost of health care and the amount of nursing homes have rapidly increased however there still isn't enough leading to people having to be on a waiting list. - 29What are the advantages of Japans Ageing population?Japans pensioners are spending their money on luxury items, traveling and expensive food instead of saving it for their children, boosting the economy
An array of gadgets has also been invented for relatives of the elderly such as internet linked sensors, and the purchasing of these items is also boosting the economy. - 30What does this image show about where the world is populated?Areas of high and low population density are unevenly spread across the world.
the majority of places with high population densities are found in the northern hemisphere - 31What are the factors that affect the population density of an area?Make an area more densely populated
- The Climate of an area
- Whether the land is flat and fertile
- a good supply of natural resources
- the availability of jobs and higher wages
Make an area more sparsely populated
Extreme climates
mountainous or highland areas
dense vegetation (Rainforests)
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- GCSE Geography (Population Change) FlashCards sobre Population Change, criado por Iona Diack em 26-01-2016.
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- Iona Diack
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