Flashcards
GCSE Computing
Flashcards do conjunto (37)
- 1List one input and one output devices that are ‘inbuilt’ to a mobile phone?Input: Microphone Touch screen (screen), keyboard
Output: Speaker, Touch screen (keyboard) - 2Name three input devices and three output devices?Input: Microphone, Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, Camera, Graphics Tablet
Output: Monitor, Printer, Speakers, Projector - 3Define the term hardware?Hardware means the physical components such as a keyboard, mouse, monitor, hard disk, printer,
scanner, webcam or anything else you can touch - 4Define a computer system ?Hardware and software used to take a set of inputs, process into outputs. Storage is used to store data and applications. Communication/ transmission devices may be used such as the internet to transmit data to another system
- 5What is an embedded system ?An embedded system is a computer integrated into another device, such as a mobile phone, washing machine, petrol pump or television.
Systems designed for one purpose. They are part of a larger system. Eg car seat belt warning system, is an embedded system. Cars can have lots of embedded systems - 6What are the 4 categories of professional standards?Open standards
Proprietary standards
Industry standards
De facto standards - 7Explain what are open standards. Give an example of open standards?Open standards are both publicly available and flexible. Anyone can engage with technology that adopts open standards, and there is usually a wealth of information freely available on how to do so. For example, anyone can create web resources that adhere to W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) standards, and they would not have to pay to do so
- 8Explain what are propriety standards. Give an example of propriety standards?These standards are defined by a particular company, usually a company large enough to dominate the market. Other developers find they have to produce, for example, software that is compatible with a specific operating system.
Eg Microsoft dominates the market with windows operating system, manufactures of different hardware components and devices will work towards standards defined by Microsoft. - 9Explain what are Industry standards. Give an example of industry standards?These are formally defined sets of standards that specify how hardware or software from different developers interacts. Unlike proprietary standards, industry standards are not specified by a single organisation but are agreed to by a number of organisations (although an industry standard may have originally been a proprietary standard). An example of an industry standard is
USB (Universal Serial Bus). - 10Explain what are De facto standards. Give an example of Defacto standards?While some standards are specifically agreed by a committee or organisation, de facto standards evolve from what happens to work well. They emerge from practice, rather than being formally defined. An example of this happening is the QWERTY keyboard layout, which just happens to have become the norm over time
- 11Explain what is meant by the term ethical?The word 'ethical' refers to something as being right or wrong, although not everyone agrees about what is right
and what is wrong - 12Which law makes hacking illegal?Computer Misuse Act
- 13What is the data protection act?Data Protection Act – If you (or the company you work for) store the personal data of anyone, you are required to keep it secure and up to date. Extended answer – 8 principles explained
- 14What is the copyright, design and patents act?It is illegal to make a copy of any publication (including written
works, music and computer programs) without the permission of the copyright owner - 15The Health and Safety at Work Act is responsible to ensure employers are made responsible for their staff. In terms of computers give two considerations that employers will need to consider?Trailing cables that are a trip hazard
Too much time spent at a computer which can cause eye strain from looking at the screen or
repetitive strain injury (RSI) from typing or using the mouse
A poorly positioned chair, which can cause back problems
A monitor not at eye level, which can cause neck problems - 16Explain what is a Syntax Error, give an example?Where the code does not follow the rules of the programming language.
Example name==(“Hello”) Syntax error as two equals is not correct. - 17Iteration is also know as loops. There are two forms of loops, count controlled and conditional – explain the difference?Iteration is to repeat something. In Python iteration can be count controlled (for loop), this will repeat a set amount of times. While loops are conditional, they will repeat until a condition is met. Example of uses could be for a question to be asked 4 times (for loop). While loop could be where code loops back to ask the same question if it was not answered correctly.
- 18What is a data type? What would be a suitable data type for age?Age would be the data type Integer, storing numbers such as 24,
String would be suitable for storing text eg Sarah
Foat or real is used for numbers with a decimal point eg 4.5
Boolean – true/false - 19Describe the difference between lossy and lossless compression. Give examples of when each method would be most suitable.In lossy compression, when the data is uncompressed it is not exactly the same as the original but the difference is so small that it cannot normally be noticed eg music files(mp3) or large resolution images for displaying on small screens. In lossless compression, when the data is uncompressed it is restored completely to the original file eg compressed text files
- 20What does the term ‘core’ mean?Cores within a CPU act like mini cpu’s allowing instructions to be executed at the same time. This improves performance, the more cores the quicker the CPU
- 21An iPhone 5s has a ‘quad-core’ – what does this mean?4 Cpu cores – execute instructions 4 times as fast as a single core cpu
- 22An computer has a CPU of 3.4GHz, how many instructions can be processed?3.4 Billion instructions per second
- 23A student uses a number of different computers in school and at home. Which storage device would be most suitable to save their data and why?Solid state – flash drive
Student could save work to the memory stick which is portable and very reliable. The student needs to access from different locations and there is no mention of access to the internet which makes this the best method - 24List the main characteristics of Magnetic storage, give an example of a magnetic storage device?Large capacity
Usually measured in GB/ TB (Hard disk drives)
Cheap in terms of size
Servers/desktop computers usual applicaton - 25List the main characteristics of Solid state storage, give an example of a solid state storage device?Can include flash drives, Flash cards, Solid state drives
Reliable no moving parts
Does have a limited life – can overwrite data x amount of times – eventually will need to be replaced
Expensive when compared to capacity/size
Memory sticks – good application for portable storage not affected by movement. - 26List the main characteristics of Optical storage, give an example of an Optical storage device?CD/DVD/Blue Ray examples
CD – 600-700Mb size
DVD – 4.7 GB– double layered 9GB approx.
Portable. Cheap. Good to distribute files/images/sound/video.
Would need to consider how much data there is when choosing which one to use. - 27What is meant by sample intervals?how close together the samples are taken the closer together, the more numbers need to be stored (and therefore larger file) but the sound that is created is closer to the original analogue
- 28How does sample rate affect the size of a sound file?The more samples taken the digital sound will be closer to the original analogue sound, however this will mean more data will be stored and therefore the file size will be larger.
- 29What is meant by the term: Bit Byte Nibble?Bit – single binary digit ( 0 or a 1)
Byte – 8 bits
Nibble – half a byte 4 bits - 30A file contains 1024 bytes, how much is this in Kilobytes?Divide by 1024
5 kilobytes - 31The memory of a computer contains data and instructions in binary. Describe why computer use binary?So that computers can be based on logic circuits
- 32When recording a sound file on a computer, the sound needs to be sampled. Describe how sampling is used when storing sound?The height/amplitude of the sound wave is measured at regular intervals and converted to binary
- 33Write the pseudo code to describe how to calculate the average of 10 numbers.?E.g.
While input < 10
input number
Calculate (add numbers together)
Average (total/10)
Output average - 34Explain the effect of the sampling interval on the size and quality of the sound file recorded?If the interval is smaller/if you sample more often you have more data to store so you have a larger file but the sound reproduced is close to the original so you have better quality
- 35Explain why the ASCII character set is not suitable for representing text in all the languages of the world?\??
- 36State the purpose of a CPU?To Fetch, Decode and Execute data/instructions
- 37What is an Algorithm?A sequence of instructions that perform a specific task when followed
Informações
- Descrição
- GCSE Computer Science FlashCards sobre GCSE Computing, criado por Chantelle Knight em 05-05-2016.
- Criado por
- Chantelle Knight · mai 2016
- Atualizado
- 13 set 2020
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