Flashcards
Social Cognition
Flashcards do conjunto (22)
- 1social cognitionhow people process, store, and apply information about other people and social situations;
unique to humans - 2cultural ratchetingcultural knowledge is cumulative; ability to learn everything from past and improve those models/ideas for the future
- 3social illusionperceive events/ideas in social construct though none exists; i.e. tendency to see social agency in nonsocial objects
(Heider Simmel video of shapes chasing each other) - 4social brain evolutionRobin Dunbar noted that the expansion of certain brain regions was unique to humans and likely had some effect on social group formation;
strong relationship between area of neocortex (frontal cortex) and capacity to live in large groups - 5Dunbar's Number150;
average social group size that corresponds with human brain size; i.e. number of social interactions our brains can handle - 6social exclusionshows activity in the brain area involved with pain sensation (anterior cingulate cortex)
- 7Nalani Ambady's thin slicesInformation gleaned from an instant impression can be as powerful as information gleaned by getting to know a situation or person over a longer period of time.
- 8Ambady's experimentGlimpse of soundless video clips were rated by student judges; impression they form are highly correlated with end of the semester ratings by students who have actually taken the class
- 9Failure of theory of mindevidenced by Sally-Anne task; children did not understand that other people can hold false/different beliefs
- 10autismdeficit in social communication, interaction; do not do well in Sally-Anne task but do well in the false photograph task
- 11false photograph taskThe "false-photograph" task is another task that serves as a measure of theory of mind development. In this task, children must reason about what is represented in a photograph that differs from the current state of affairs. Within the false-photograph task, either a location or identity change exists. In the location-change task, the examiner puts an object in one location (e.g., chocolate in an open green cupboard), whereupon the child takes a Polaroid photograph of the scene. While the photograph is developing, the examiner moves the object to a different location (e.g., a blue cupboard), allowing the child to view the examiner's action. The examiner asks the child two control questions: "When we first took the picture, where was the object?" and "Where is the object now?". The subject is also asked a "false-photograph" question: "Where is the object in the picture?" The child passes the task if he/she correctly identifies the location of the object in the picture and the actual location of the object at the time of the question.
- 12Williams syndromedeletion of 26 genes of chromosome 7; severe cognitive defects but social capabilities still intact
- 13curse of knowledgehard to get around knowledge in our heads and realize what others do or don't know
Ex. charades - 14attachment theorya strong emotional and physical attachment to at least one primary caregiver is critical to personal development; John Bowlby first coined the term as a result of his studies involving the developmental psychology of children from various backgrounds.
- 15Harlow's monkeysHarlow semi-isolated baby monkeys from parents and other monkeys; monkeys would attach themselves to soft furry things and only go to cold mother when absolutely hungry; early life social deprivation has major impact of cognitive development of individuals
- 16Mary Ainsworthbabies have different forms of attachment (different from Bowlby) as demonstrated by Strange Situation;
- 17Strange Situation experiment(1) Mother, baby and experimenter (lasts less than one minute). (2) Mother and baby alone. (3) Stranger joins mother and infant.(4) Mother leaves baby and stranger alone.(5) Mother returns and stranger leaves. (6) Mother leaves; infant left completely alone. (7) Stranger returns. (8) Mother returns and stranger leaves.
- 18attachment stylesAinsworth found the following attachment styles:
secure- distress when caregiver leaves, happy when come back; have closer and more harmonious relationships with peers, better grades
avoidant - ignore caregiver, little emotion when caregiver departs
anxious/ambivalent - distress before separation, difficult to comfort even when mother returns
fearful/disorganized - contradictory behaviors, misdirected jerky movements - 19John Bowlbychildren come into the world biologically pre-programmed to form attachments with others, because this will help them to survive; attachment figure serves as secure base for individual to explore the environment;
- 20social cognition as mind melding- Get others to experience what I experience (emotions, teaching, deception is difficult)
- Get self to experience what others experience (when seeing others in pain, activates ACC; others' fear activates amygdala; emotional imitation in infancy) - 21Chameleon effect• people spontaneously mimic the
behaviors of others
• mimicry facilitates smooth
interactions and increases liking between people
• people with high empathy scores
spontaneously mimic more than
low-empathy folks - 22Fundamental attribution errorfor others, action is attributed to a mental state, but for self, action is attributed to situation; tendency to ascribe agency to action though it may not be warranted
Informações
- Descrição
- Science FlashCards sobre Social Cognition, criado por Sneha Mittal em 07-12-2016.
- Criado por
- Sneha Mittal · dez 2016
- Atualizado
- 9 dez 2016
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- 30
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