Flashcards
Linguistic - Semantics
Flashcards do conjunto (12)
- 1SemanticsSemantics = study of meaning
Paradigmatic lexical semantics: How do lexemes differ from each other in their meaning? - 2Ogden/Richard's triangle reference(tree) FORM --> means SENSE (plant with..)-->represents REFERENCE actual tree
FORM stands for REFERENCE - 3Sense vs. ReferenceSense: Descriptive meaning of a lexeme (dictionary entry)
Reference (Specific object a lexeme refers to) - 4Denotation vs. ConnotationDenotation : Groups of objects a lexeme can potentially refer to
Connotation: Secondary meanings suggested - 5Intension vs. ExtensionIntension: descriptive meaning of lexeme
Extension: group of objects a lexeme can potentially refer to - 6Synonymy (Sense relations)Relation of equivalence: A = B
Synonyms: Lexemes with same meanings
absolute synonymy probably doesn't exist
descriptive synonyms : can be exchanged but different connotations!
fatherly-paternal, big -large - 7Antonymy (Sense relations)Relation of opposition (A=/=B)
COMPLEMENTARY: either A or B!
-> true, false, dead, alive!
GRADABLE antonyms:
extreme polars of scale
sad-happy, cold-hot
RELATIONAL antonyms: different perspectives
husband-wife, buy-sell, teacher-pupil - 8Hyponymy (Sense relations)Relation of hierarchy: B is a kind of A
(hypernym) the superordinate (flower)
Hyponym: the subordinate (rose)
Co-hyponyms (tulip, lily, daisy) - 9Meronymy (Sense relations)Part-whole-relation (pars de toto)
Holonym: the whole (body)
Meronym: the part (head, leg) - 10Polysemy (SR)cognitively related senses
- web --> spider web or internet
Relation based on
- metaphor (similarity of concept (web))
- metonymy (same conceptual domains (dish)) - 11Homonymy (SR)same form but different lexemes!
- Homographs:----bear (spellling)
- Homophones --- night,knight (pronunciation) - 12Sense relationsSynonymy = equivalence
Antonymy = opposition
Homonymy = same form
Hyponymy = hierarchy
Meronymy =part-whole
Polysymy = cognitive
Informações
- Descrição
- Linguistics (Introduction to English Linguistics) FlashCards sobre Linguistic - Semantics, criado por Pauli Ketchum em 23-07-2017.
- Criado por
- Pauli Ketchum
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