Flashcards
computing
Flashcards do conjunto (20)
- 1What are the two major parts of the CPU?the control unit
the ALU - 2ALU arithmetic operationsAddition, subtraction, multiplication and division
- 3ALU logical operationsCompares one data item to another: it is smaller than, it is greater than
- 4What does the control unit do?The control unit co-ordinates and controls all the operations carried out by the computer
controls input and output of data. - 5What are the three things that the CPU operates by?Fetch - an instruction from memory
Decode - the instruction
Execute - carries out the instruction - 6What affects the CPU performance?Clock speed
Processor cores
Type and size of memory - 7What is clock speed?This is the speed at which the processor operates at.
Measure in hertz (Hz).
It is a number of cycles per second. - 8Memory1 Bit (binary digit) = the value of 1 or 0.
8 bits = 1 byte
1000 bytes = 1 kilobyte
1000 kilobytes = 1 megabyte
1000 megabytes = 1 gigabyte
1000 gigabytes = 1 terabyte - 9Processor speedOne cycle per second = 1 Hertz (Hz) = 1 instruction carried out each second.
•1 Kilohertz (KHz) = 1000 cycles per second
1 Megahertz (MHz) = 1,000,000 cycles per second
1 Gigahertz (GHz) = 1,000,000,000 cycles per second (Approximately 1 billion!) - 10Multi-core processorsThe number of cores affects the performance of a computer.
The more cores, the more instructions can be processed at the same time with their own fetch, decode and execute cycle. - 11Cache memoryCache is a small amount of very fast, expensive memory in the CPU
As cache fills up, unused instructions or data still being held are replaced by more recent ones. - 12level 1 cacheLevel 1 cache is extremely fast but small
(between 2-64KB), located very close to the processor - 13level 2 cacheLevel 2 cache is fairly close to the processor, fairly fast and medium-sized (256KB-2MB)
- 14level 3 cacheSome CPUs also have Level 3 cache, relatively large and close to RAM
- 15benefits of cacheThe data used most often by the CPU is held in Level 1 cache so is instantly available
In most systems, other data needed by the CPU is accessed from the Level 2 cache 95% of the time - 16MemoryMemory
- 17Give 3 examples of primary data storageMain Memory
RAM
ROM - 18Give 1 example of secondary storageHard Drives
- 19Characteristics of RAMIt can be read and written to.
Access to RAM is very fast. - 20—
Informações
- Descrição
- FlashCards sobre computing, criado por Christian Coupe em 10-07-2019.
- Criado por
- Christian Coupe · jul 2019
- Atualizado
- 11 jul 2019
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