Flashcards
Krebs Cycle
Flashcards do conjunto (32)
- 1What are other names for the Krebs cycle?Citric Acid Cycle, TCA cycle
- 2Where does the majority of ATP production occur?In the mitochondria of the cell
- 3What is required for mitochondrial function?An abundance of oxygen
- 4How does the Krebs cycle generally work?Acetyl-CoA enters the citric acid cycle, CO2 and electrons are released (which go into the ETC)
- 5What happens in Stage I of generation of ATP from food?Fats, polysaccharides, proteins are broken down into their monomers (fatty acids and glycerol, glucose and other sugars, amino acids)
- 6What happens in Stage II of generation of food from ATP?Carbons from the molecules broken down in Stage I are incorporated into Coenzyme-A to produce Acetyl-CoA
- 7What happens in Stage III of generation of ATP from foods?AcetylCoA enters the citric acid cycle, electrons enter the ETC which is linked to oxidative phosphorylation and ATP is produced
- 8Under aerobic conditions, what happens to glucose in glycolysis?Glucose is converted into Pyruvate and then pyruvate is converted to AcetylCoA
- 9Under anaerobic conditions, what happens to glucose in glycolysis?Glucose is converted to pyruvate and pyruvate is then converted to lactate
- 10Why do you need lots of oxygen in the stages of generation of ATP from foods?Because oxygen acts as the electron acceptor (acid) and H20 is produced
- 11What stage of generation of ATP from foods is most of the energy produced in?Stage III
- 12What is produced from the conversion of pyruvate to acetylCoACo2, 2 electrons
- 13What are the main products produced from the citric acid cycle?GTP (or ATP), 8 electrons, 2 CO2
- 14Where does the citric acid cycle take place?It takes place in the mitochondrial matrix
- 15How does the citric acid cycle commence?Commences with the condensation of AcetylCoA with oxaloacetate to form citrate
- 16Why in the inner mitochondrial membrane invaginated?Invaginations increase the surface area of the membrane
- 17What is the basic structure of the mitochondria?Outer mitochondrial membrane, inner mitochondrial membrane, matrix
- 18What is the purpose of the outer mitochondrial membrane?It holds the whole structure together, freely permeable
- 19What is the purpose of the inner mitochondrial membrane?It is a semi permeable membrane that selectively transports proteins across, pH and charge gradient set up along this membrane, hydrophilic molecules cannot freely cross
- 20What part of the molecule from acetylCoA enters the citric acid cycle?The acetyl unit that came from pyruvate
- 21How is the TCA controlled?Adjusted to meet the cell's need for ATP - when ATP is low the rate of cycle is increased, when ATP is high the rate of cycle is decreased, allosteric interactions also control the cycle
- 22Describe the 4 control points of the TCAATP, AcetylcoA and NADH can inhibit the conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl CoA
ATP and NADH can inhibit the conversion of Isocitrate to a-ketoglutarate
ATP, succinylCoA and NADH can inhibit a-ketoglutarate from forming SuccinylCoA
ADP can stimulate isocitrate to form a-ketoglutarate - 23Other than energy, what else does the TCA also provide?It provides intermediate molecules for biosynthesis of molecules in other pathways
- 24How many NADH are produced in the TCA?3 NADH
- 25How many FADH are produced in TCA?1 FADH
- 26How many GTP/ATP are produced in TCA?1 GTP/ATP
- 27What happens to NADH and FADH if oxygen is abundant?They enter the the ETC which generates a proton gradient that drives oxidative phosphorylation (ATP synthesis)
- 28What is oxidative phosphorylation?The synthesis of ATP
- 29From each pair of electrons from NADH, how many ATP molecules are generated?2.5 ATP for every NADH
- 30From each pair of electrons from FADH, how many ATP molecules are generated?1.5 ATP for every FADH
- 31Why does NADH produce more ATP than FADH?Because FADH enters the ETC later than NADH
- 32In one turn of the citric acid cycle, how many ATP are produced?1 ATP
Informações
- Descrição
- FlashCards sobre Krebs Cycle, criado por Olivia Hocking em 17-06-2015.
- Criado por
- Olivia Hocking
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