Flashcards
SLR01
Flashcards do conjunto (26)
- 1What is the Arithmetic Logic Unit? (ALU)Performs calculations, addition/subtraction, logical decisions (e.g. does this equal ...?)
- 2What is the Control Unit? (CU)Decodes instructions and sends signals to contorl how data moves around the CPU.
- 3What is a Bus?A collection of wires through which data and instructions are transmitted from one component to another.
- 4What is a Clock?The electronic unit that synchronises related components by generating pulses at a constant rate.
- 5What are Registers?A collection of small, super-fast areas of memory on the CPU that can be accessed/used by other components.
- 6What is Main Memory?Memory that provides fast access to frequently used instructions and data without having to go to secondary storage such as the hard disk.
- 7[BUS] What is the Data Bus?A bidirectional bus which carries the actual data or instructions.
- 8[BUS] What is the Address Bus?A unidirectional bus that carries the addresses that data needs to be written to or read from.
- 9[BUS] What is the Control Bus?A unidirectional bus that carries command and control signals telling components they should receive reads or writes.
- 10What is F-D-E?Fetch, Decode, Execute
- 11What is volatile memory?Memory that cannot be used to save files. It will be removed once the device shuts down. (ie. RAM)
- 12What is magnetic storage?Data is stored using magnetism.
- 13What is solid-state storage?Data is stored using semiconductor chips.
- 14What is optical storage?Data is stored using "pits and lands."
- 15What are examples of primary storage?RAM, ROM, registers and cache
- 16What are examples of things stored on secondary storage?Operating systems, programs and data when not in use
- 17What is tertiary storage?Used for backups and archives of large amounts of data
- 18Characteristics of a hard diskMoving drive head that has to move to each part of a data file. Hard disks perform better if they are defragmented.
- 19Hard disk statisticsReliability/durability - damaged by impacts
Portability - fairly portable but heavy
Capacity - very high
Cost - cheap
Data access speed - fast - 20Characteristics of a flash memory cardNo moving parts.
No need to defragment.
Lower-power devices.
No noise. - 21Flash memory card statisticsReliability/durability - limited number of times to read/write
Portability - compact and lightweight
Capacity - 8 Mb-256 GB
Cost - expensive
Data access speed - fast - 22Secondary storage summary
- 23What is an embedded system?Computer systems with a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electrical system.
- 24What is a microcontroller?CPUs with integrated memory.
- 25Examples of embedded systemsWashing machine (fill, turn, drain cycles)
Coffee maker (sequence of water outputs makes the coffee)
Engine management system (ignition, combustion, etc) - 26What are some typical properties of an embedded system?Low power consumption, small size, rugged operating systems and low cost per unit
Informações
- Descrição
- GCSE Computing FlashCards sobre SLR01, criado por Jack Piper em 28-05-2021.
- Criado por
- Jack Piper · mai 2021
- Atualizado
- 29 mai 2021
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