Flashcards
JUnit
Flashcards do conjunto (102)
- 1What is JUnit?JUnit helps to test individual pieces of code, or “units,” to ensure that they are functioning properly.By identifying and isolating units that are not working correctly, JUnit makes it easier to find and fix errors in code.In addition, JUnit can be used to automate the execution of unit tests, which can save time and effort.
- 2What are the important features of JUnit?Important features of JUnit are:
It is an open-source framework.
Provides Annotation to identify the test methods.
Provides Assertions for testing expected results.
Provides Test runners for running tests.
JUnit tests can be run automatically and they check their results and provide immediate feedback.
JUnit tests can be organized into test suites containing test cases and even other test suites.
JUnit shows test progress in a bar that is green if the test is going fine and it turns red when a test fails. - 3What Is A JUnit Test Case?A JUnit test case is a test case written using the JUnit testing framework.JUnit is a popular Java testing framework that allows developers to write and run tests for their Java code.A JUnit test case is typically made up of several individual tests, each of which tests a specific aspect of the code being tested.
- 4Define automated testing in the context of JUnit?Automated testing in JUnit is that type of testing where one has the option to take support from tools.These automation tools would display accurate results which are suitable for the process of Java application development.
- 5What do you mean by Unit Testing in JUnit?Unit testing is also regarded as the assessment of a single entity or class.We should be well aware of the fact that the principle of unit testing carries the utmost importance.With the assistance of unit testing, companies can give quality products to their clients and stakeholders.
- 6When are the unit tests about JUnit written in Developmental Cycle?The unit tests are written before the development of the application.It is so because writing the check before coding, assists the coders to write error-free codes which further boosts the viability of the form.
- 7Shed light on the variety of JUnit classes and make a proper list of them?The JUnit classes are essential classes that are usually utilized in testing and writing the JUnits.Here is the list of the critical JUnit test classes.
Test Suite: It is also known as a composition of various tests
Assert: It is a set of assertive procedures used to design an application
Test Result: It is associated with the collection of results while executing a test case
Test Case: It is that kind of a JUnit class that is related to various fixtures.It also can run on a variety of tests. - 8What are the tools with the help of which JUnit can be easily integrated?There are mainly three types of tools that play a pivotal role in the integration of JUnit.We can use either of them to facilitate the process.They are as follows:
Maven (One of the Build Tools)
IDE (e.g.Eclipse, STS, IntelliJ)
Gradle (One of the Build Tools) - 9Do you have to write a test case for every logic?In JUnit, it is unnecessary to write a test case for every logic but only for those that can be reasonably broken.
A unit test case would comprise a collection of input data and expected output.The org.JUnit package contains several classes and interfaces to help you in unit testing, such as Assert, Test, Before, After, etc. - 10How do you write a JUnit test case?We have to
Annotate our test method with the @Test annotation.
Write our test method.
Run our test case. - 11What are the critical fixtures of JUnit?The JUnit test framework is associated with the providence of these critical features.They are as follows:
Test Suites
JUnit Classes
Fixtures
Test Runners - 12What do you know about Test Suite?Test suite means bundling a few unit test cases and running them together.In JUnit, both @RunWith and @Suite annotations are used to run the suite test.
- 13How do you test the protected and private methods?In the protected method, the test class and target class are declared in the same package.However, in the private method, there is no direct way of testing.Either we have to change your method to protected or do the testing manually.
- 14What do you understand by JUnit classes? List some of Junit’s classes.JUnit classes are those classes that are used in writing and testing JUnit programs.Some of the important JUnit classes are mentioned below –
Assert – A set of assert methods. TestCase − A test case that defines the fixture to run multiple tests. TestResult − It contains methods that collect the results after a test case is executed. TestSuite − It is an aggregate of JUnit tests. - 15What is JUnit Test Fixture?The fixture is a fixed state of a set of objects used as a baseline for running tests.The purpose of a test fixture is to ensure that there is a well-known and fixed environment in which tests are run so that results are repeatable.It includes the following methods −
setUp() method which runs before every test invocation. tearDown() method which runs after every test method. - 16How do you install JUnit?The first step is to download JUnit 5, the latest version of JUnit ( it would be a file named JUnit.zip).We would be required to unzip the distribution file to a directory, %JUnit_HOME%.Then, we would add JUnit to the classpath.
Next, we would test the installation.This would involve running sample tests (located not in the JUnit.jar file, but in the installation directory) distributed with JUnit.Lastly, we would confirm that all the tests pass with an “OK” message.If they don’t, we would go back and verify whether JUnit.jar is in the classpath. - 17Name some JUnit extensions?Following are some of the JUnit extensions
Cactus: Cactus is a simple test framework for unit testing server-side java code (Servlets, EJBs, Tag Libs, Filters).
JWebUnit: JWebUnit is a Java-based testing framework for web applications.
XMLUnit: XMLUnit provides you with the tools to verify the XML you emit is the one you want to create.
MockObject: In a unit test, mock objects can simulate the behavior of complex, real (non-mock) objects and are therefore useful when a real object is impractical or impossible to incorporate into a unit test. - 18What are the methods in fixtures?setup
tearDown - 19What is @Test and where it’s used?@Test annotation is used to mark a method as a test method, the result of which is then compared with the expected output to check whether the test is successful or not.
- 20Why JUnit only reports the first failure in a single attempt?Reporting multiple failures in a single test is generally a sign that the test does too much and it is too big a unit test.JUnit is designed to work best with several small tests.It executes each test within a separate instance of the test class.It reports failure on each test.
- 21What is a JUnit parameterized test?The parameterized test is a new feature introduced in JUnit 4.It provides the facility to execute the same test case again and again with different values.
- 22What are Annotations and how are they are useful in JUnit?Annotations are like meta-tags that you can add to your code and apply to methods or in class.The annotation in JUnit gives us information about test methods, which methods are going to run before & after test methods, which methods run before & after all the methods, and which methods or classes will be ignored during execution.
- 23In Java, Assert is a keyword.Won't this conflict with JUnit's Assert() Method?JUnit 3.7 deprecated assert() and replaced it with assertTrue(), which works the same way.JUnit 4 is compatible with the assert keyword.If you run with the -ea JVM switch, assertions that fail will be reported by JUnit.
- 24Why not just use System.out.println() for testing?Debugging the code using System.out.println() will lead to manual scanning of the whole output every time the program is run to ensure the code is doing the expected operations.Moreover, in the long run, it takes lesser time to code JUnit methods and tests them on class files.
- 25How will you run JUnit 5 test?We can run a JUnit 5 test case using JUnit's console launcher.The executable for this jar can be downloaded from Maven Central, under the junit-platform-console-standalone directory.
Also, we'll need a directory that will contain all our compiled classes: $ mkdir target - 26What is the purpose of org.JUnit.jupiter.api.Assertions class?This class provides a set of assertion methods useful for writing tests.Only failed assertions are recorded.
- 27What is the purpose of org.JUnit.testresult Class?A TestResult collects the results of executing a test case.It is an instance of the Collecting parameter pattern.The test framework distinguishes between failures and errors.A failure is anticipated and checked for with assertions.Errors are unanticipated problems like an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.
- 28What is the purpose of org.JUnit.testsuite Class?A TestSuite is a composite of tests.It runs a collection of test cases.
- 29What is the purpose of @BeforeEach Annotation In JUnit?Several tests need similar objects created before they can run.Annotating a public void method with @BeforeEach causes that method to be run before each Test method.
- 30What is the purpose of @AfterAll annotation in JUnit?If you allocate external resources in a Before method you need to release them after the test runs.Annotating a public void method with @AfterAll causes that method to be run after the Test method.
@AfterAll
public static void runsAfterEverything(){
SyWhat is the purpose of @BeforeAll annotation in JUnit?stem.out.println("Finished Running a Test Class");
} - 31What is the purpose of @BeforeAll annotation in JUnit?Annotating a public static void method with @BeforeAll causes it to be run once before any of the test methods in the class.
@BeforeAll
public static void runsBeforeEverything(){
System.out.println("Running a Test Class");
} - 32What is the purpose of assertTrue() and assertFalse() in JUnit?The assertTrue() asserts that the supplied condition is true or the boolean condition supplied by BooleanSupplier is true. Similarly, assertFalse() asserts that supplied condition is false.
- 33What is the @Disable annotation and how is this useful?To disable a test in JUnit 5, you will need to use the @Disabled annotation.It is equivalent to JUnit 4’s @Ignored annotation.
@Disabled annotation can be applied over the test class (disables all test methods in that class) or individual test methods as well.
@Disabled
@Test
void testCalcTwo()
{
System.out.println("======TEST TWO EXECUTED=======");
Assertions.assertEquals( 6 , Calculator.add(2, 4);
} - 34Explain the execution procedure of the JUnit test API methods?Following is how the JUnit execution procedure works −
The method annotated with @BeforeAll is executed once at the start of the class.
The method annotated with @BeforeEach executes before Testcase 1 begins.
The method Testcase1 annotated with @Test is the testcase in the class.
The method annotated with @AfterEach runs after Testcase 1 completes execution.
The method annotated with @BeforeEach executes before Testcase 2 begins.
The method Testcase2 annotated with @Test is the testcase in the class.
The method annotated with @AfterEach runs after Testcase 2 completes execution.
The method annotated with @AfterAll is executed once at the end of the class after both testcase 1 and 2 are executed. - 35What is the purpose of org.JUnit.JUnitcore Class?The test cases are executed using JUnitCore class.JUnitCore is a facade for running tests.It supports running JUnit 4 tests, JUnit 3.8.x tests, and mixtures.
- 36How to simulate a timeout situation In JUnit?JUnit provides a handy option for Timeout.If a test case takes more time than the specified number of milliseconds then JUnit will automatically mark it as failed.The timeout parameter is used along the with @Test annotation.
- 37How can you use JUnit to test that the code throws desired exception?JUnit provides an option for tracing the Exception handling of code.You can test if a code throws the desired exception or not.The expected parameter is used along with @Test annotation as follows − @Test(expected)
- 38How to create parameterized tests?Following are the steps to create parameterized tests in JUnit5:
Declare @ParameterizedTest to the test.
Declare at least one source (for example – @ValueSource) that will provide the arguments for each invocation of the test.
Consume the arguments in the test method.
JUnit 5 parameterized test maven dependency : We need JUnit-jupiter-params maven dependencies to support parameterized tests. - 39How to compile a JUnit Test Class?Compiling a JUnit test class is like compiling any other Java class.The only thing we need to watch out for is that the JUnit JAR file must be included in the classpath.
- 40What happens if a JUnit test method is declared as "private"?If a JUnit test method is declared as "private", it compiles successfully.But the execution will fail.This is because JUnit requires that all test methods must be declared as "public".
- 41Can you use a main() method for Unit testing?Yes we can test using main() method.One obvious advantage seems to be that we can whitebox test the class.That is, we can test the internals of it (private methods for example).We can't do the unit testsit-tests.But primarily the test framework tests the interface and the behavior from the user's perspective.
- 42Do you need to write a Test Class for every class that needs to be tested?No.We need not write an independent test class for every class that needs to be tested.If there is a small group of tests sharing a common test fixture, you may move those tests to a new test class.
- 43Can we change the return type of the JUnit test method from void to some other type?Ideally, we should not do that.All the JUnit test methods have a void return type.If we change the return type then the test method would not be considered a test method and would be ignored during the execution of tests.
- 44When you should run the JUnit test, Is there any particular time interval between each run?No there is no time constraint.A JUnit test needs to run whenever there is a change in the source code.This ensures that the new change passes through all the tests.
- 45What is the annotation we have in JUnit 5 as a replacement for @Rule in JUnit 4?@ExtendWith is replacement fro @Rule.
@Rule is extended from the class TestRule that helps apply certain rules on the test cases.
For Example: creating a temporary folder before test case execution and deleting the folder post-execution can be set through a Rule.
@Rule is available only in JUnit 4 which can be used in JUnit 5 Vintage, however, @ExtendWith provides a closer feature for JUnit 5 - 46What is JUnit?JUnit helps to test individual pieces of code, or “units,” to ensure that they are functioning properly.By identifying and isolating units that are not working correctly, JUnit makes it easier to find and fix errors in code.In addition, JUnit can be used to automate the execution of unit tests, which can save time and effort.
- 47What are the important features of JUnit?Important features of JUnit are:
It is an open-source framework.
Provides Annotation to identify the test methods.
Provides Assertions for testing expected results.
Provides Test runners for running tests.
JUnit tests can be run automatically and they check their results and provide immediate feedback.
JUnit tests can be organized into test suites containing test cases and even other test suites.
JUnit shows test progress in a bar that is green if the test is going fine and it turns red when a test fails. - 48What do you understand by testing and unit testing?Testing is the process of checking whether the application fulfills the requirements and achieves the desired functionalities.Unit testing refers to assessing an individual functionality or a unit of the application.
- 49What Is A JUnit Test Case?A JUnit test case is a test case written using the JUnit testing framework.JUnit is a popular Java testing framework that allows developers to write and run tests for their Java code.A JUnit test case is typically made up of several individual tests, each of which tests a specific aspect of the code being tested.
- 50Define automated testing in the context of JUnit?Automated testing in JUnit is that type of testing where one has the option to take support from tools.These automation tools would display accurate results which are suitable for the process of Java application development.
- 51What do you mean by Unit Testing in JUnit?Unit testing is also regarded as the assessment of a single entity or class.We should be well aware of the fact that the principle of unit testing carries the utmost importance.With the assistance of unit testing, companies can give quality products to their clients and stakeholders.
- 52Define JUnit in today’s context of evolving technologies?JUnit is extensively used by developers to carry out unit testing in Java.Moreover, it is also being used to speed up the application based on Java.It is important to note that by taking into account the source code, the application can efficiently be sped up.
- 53When are the unit tests about JUnit written in Developmental Cycle?The unit tests are written before the development of the application.It is so because writing the check before coding, assists the coders to write error-free codes which further boosts the viability of the form.
- 54Shed light on the variety of JUnit classes and make a proper list of them?The JUnit classes are essential classes that are usually utilized in testing and writing the JUnits.Here is the list of the critical JUnit test classes.
Test Suite: It is also known as a composition of various tests
Assert: It is a set of assertive procedures used to design an application
Test Result: It is associated with the collection of results while executing a test case
Test Case: It is that kind of a JUnit class that is related to various fixtures.It also can run on a variety of tests. - 55What are the tools with the help of which JUnit can be easily integrated?There are mainly three types of tools that play a pivotal role in the integration of JUnit.We can use either of them to facilitate the process.They are as follows:
Maven (One of the Build Tools)
IDE (e.g.Eclipse, STS, IntelliJ)
Gradle (One of the Build Tools) - 56Do you have to write a test case for every logic?In JUnit, it is unnecessary to write a test case for every logic but only for those that can be reasonably broken.
A unit test case would comprise a collection of input data and expected output.The org.JUnit package contains several classes and interfaces to help you in unit testing, such as Assert, Test, Before, After, etc. - 57How do you write a JUnit test case?We have to
Annotate our test method with the @Test annotation.
Write our test method.
Run our test case. - 58How do you run a JUnit test case?Assuming already we have a JUnit test case written, we can run it by opening it in our IDE and selecting the run option.If we are using Eclipse, for example, right-click on the file and select Run As > JUnit Test.This will launch the test and run it using the JUnit framework.
- 59What are the critical fixtures of JUnit?The JUnit test framework is associated with the providence of these critical features.They are as follows:
Test Suites
JUnit Classes
Fixtures
Test Runners - 60What do you know about Test Suite?Test suite means bundling a few unit test cases and running them together.In JUnit, both @RunWith and @Suite annotations are used to run the suite test.
- 61How do you test the protected and private methods?In the protected method, the test class and target class are declared in the same package.However, in the private method, there is no direct way of testing.Either we have to change your method to protected or do the testing manually.
- 62What do you understand by JUnit classes? List some of Junit’s classes.JUnit classes are those classes that are used in writing and testing JUnit programs.Some of the important JUnit classes are mentioned below –
Assert – A set of assert methods. TestCase − A test case that defines the fixture to run multiple tests. TestResult − It contains methods that collect the results after a test case is executed. TestSuite − It is an aggregate of JUnit tests. - 63What is JUnit Test Fixture?The fixture is a fixed state of a set of objects used as a baseline for running tests.The purpose of a test fixture is to ensure that there is a well-known and fixed environment in which tests are run so that results are repeatable.It includes the following methods −
setUp() method which runs before every test invocation. tearDown() method which runs after every test method. - 64How do you install JUnit?The first step is to download JUnit 5, the latest version of JUnit ( it would be a file named JUnit.zip).We would be required to unzip the distribution file to a directory, %JUnit_HOME%.Then, we would add JUnit to the classpath.
Next, we would test the installation.This would involve running sample tests (located not in the JUnit.jar file, but in the installation directory) distributed with JUnit.Lastly, we would confirm that all the tests pass with an “OK” message.If they don’t, we would go back and verify whether JUnit.jar is in the classpath. - 65Name some JUnit extensions?Following are some of the JUnit extensions
Cactus: Cactus is a simple test framework for unit testing server-side java code (Servlets, EJBs, Tag Libs, Filters).
JWebUnit: JWebUnit is a Java-based testing framework for web applications.
XMLUnit: XMLUnit provides you with the tools to verify the XML you emit is the one you want to create.
MockObject: In a unit test, mock objects can simulate the behavior of complex, real (non-mock) objects and are therefore useful when a real object is impractical or impossible to incorporate into a unit test. - 66What are the methods in fixtures?setup
tearDown - 67What is @Test and where it’s used?@Test annotation is used to mark a method as a test method, the result of which is then compared with the expected output to check whether the test is successful or not.
- 68Why JUnit only reports the first failure in a single attempt?Reporting multiple failures in a single test is generally a sign that the test does too much and it is too big a unit test.JUnit is designed to work best with several small tests.It executes each test within a separate instance of the test class.It reports failure on each test.
- 69What is a JUnit parameterized test?The parameterized test is a new feature introduced in JUnit 4.It provides the facility to execute the same test case again and again with different values.
- 70What are Annotations and how are they are useful in JUnit?Annotations are like meta-tags that you can add to your code and apply to methods or in class.The annotation in JUnit gives us information about test methods, which methods are going to run before & after test methods, which methods run before & after all the methods, and which methods or classes will be ignored during execution.
- 71In Java, Assert is a keyword.Won't this conflict with JUnit's Assert() Method?JUnit 3.7 deprecated assert() and replaced it with assertTrue(), which works the same way.JUnit 4 is compatible with the assert keyword.If you run with the -ea JVM switch, assertions that fail will be reported by JUnit.
- 72Why not just use System.out.println() for testing?Debugging the code using System.out.println() will lead to manual scanning of the whole output every time the program is run to ensure the code is doing the expected operations.Moreover, in the long run, it takes lesser time to code JUnit methods and tests them on class files.
- 73How will you run JUnit 5 test?We can run a JUnit 5 test case using JUnit's console launcher.The executable for this jar can be downloaded from Maven Central, under the junit-platform-console-standalone directory.
Also, we'll need a directory that will contain all our compiled classes: $ mkdir target - 74What is the purpose of org.JUnit.jupiter.api.Assertions class?This class provides a set of assertion methods useful for writing tests.Only failed assertions are recorded.
- 75What is the purpose of org.JUnit.testresult Class?A TestResult collects the results of executing a test case.It is an instance of the Collecting parameter pattern.The test framework distinguishes between failures and errors.A failure is anticipated and checked for with assertions.Errors are unanticipated problems like an ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException.
- 76What is the purpose of org.JUnit.testsuite Class?A TestSuite is a composite of tests.It runs a collection of test cases.
- 77What is the purpose of @BeforeEach Annotation In JUnit?Several tests need similar objects created before they can run.Annotating a public void method with @BeforeEach causes that method to be run before each Test method.
- 78What is the purpose of @AfterAll annotation in JUnit?If you allocate external resources in a Before method you need to release them after the test runs.Annotating a public void method with @AfterAll causes that method to be run after the Test method.
@AfterAll
public static void runsAfterEverything(){
System.out.println("Finished Running a Test Class");
} - 79What is the purpose of @BeforeAll annotation in JUnit?Annotating a public static void method with @BeforeAll causes it to be run once before any of the test methods in the class.
@BeforeAll
public static void runsBeforeEverything(){
System.out.println("Running a Test Class");
} - 80What is the purpose of assertTrue() and assertFalse() in JUnit?The assertTrue() asserts that the supplied condition is true or the boolean condition supplied by BooleanSupplier is true. Similarly, assertFalse() asserts that supplied condition is false.
- 81What is the @Disable annotation and how is this useful?To disable a test in JUnit 5, you will need to use the @Disabled annotation.It is equivalent to JUnit 4’s @Ignored annotation.
@Disabled annotation can be applied over the test class (disables all test methods in that class) or individual test methods as well. - 82Explain the execution procedure of the JUnit test API methods?Following is how the JUnit execution procedure works −
The method annotated with @BeforeAll is executed once at the start of the class.
The method annotated with @BeforeEach executes before Testcase 1 begins.
The method Testcase1 annotated with @Test is the testcase in the class.
The method annotated with @AfterEach runs after Testcase 1 completes execution.
The method annotated with @BeforeEach executes before Testcase 2 begins.
The method Testcase2 annotated with @Test is the testcase in the class.
The method annotated with @AfterEach runs after Testcase 2 completes execution.
The method annotated with @AfterAll is executed once at the end of the class after both testcase 1 and 2 are executed. - 83What is the purpose of org.JUnit.JUnitcore Class?The test cases are executed using JUnitCore class.JUnitCore is a facade for running tests.It supports running JUnit 4 tests, JUnit 3.8.x tests, and mixtures.
- 84How to simulate a timeout situation In JUnit?JUnit provides a handy option for Timeout.If a test case takes more time than the specified number of milliseconds then JUnit will automatically mark it as failed.The timeout parameter is used along the with @Test annotation.
- 85How can you use JUnit to test that the code throws desired exception?JUnit provides an option for tracing the Exception handling of code.You can test if a code throws the desired exception or not.The expected parameter is used along with @Test annotation as follows − @Test(expected)
- 86How to create parameterized tests?Following are the steps to create parameterized tests in JUnit5:
Declare @ParameterizedTest to the test.
Declare at least one source (for example – @ValueSource) that will provide the arguments for each invocation of the test.
Consume the arguments in the test method.
JUnit 5 parameterized test maven dependency : We need JUnit-jupiter-params maven dependencies to support parameterized tests. - 87How to compile a JUnit Test Class?Compiling a JUnit test class is like compiling any other Java class.The only thing we need to watch out for is that the JUnit JAR file must be included in the classpath.
- 88What happens if a JUnit test method is declared as "private"?If a JUnit test method is declared as "private", it compiles successfully.But the execution will fail.This is because JUnit requires that all test methods must be declared as "public".
- 89Can you use a main() method for Unit testing?Yes we can test using main() method.One obvious advantage seems to be that we can whitebox test the class.That is, we can test the internals of it (private methods for example).We can't do the unit testsit-tests.But primarily the test framework tests the interface and the behavior from the user's perspective.
- 90Do you need to write a Test Class for every class that needs to be tested?No.We need not write an independent test class for every class that needs to be tested.If there is a small group of tests sharing a common test fixture, you may move those tests to a new test class.
- 91Can we change the return type of the JUnit test method from void to some other type?Ideally, we should not do that.All the JUnit test methods have a void return type.If we change the return type then the test method would not be considered a test method and would be ignored during the execution of tests.
- 92When you should run the JUnit test, Is there any particular time interval between each run?No there is no time constraint.A JUnit test needs to run whenever there is a change in the source code.This ensures that the new change passes through all the tests.
- 93What is the annotation we have in JUnit 5 as a replacement for @Rule in JUnit 4?@ExtendWith is replacement fro @Rule.
@Rule is extended from the class TestRule that helps apply certain rules on the test cases.
For Example: creating a temporary folder before test case execution and deleting the folder post-execution can be set through a Rule.
@Rule is available only in JUnit 4 which can be used in JUnit 5 Vintage, however, @ExtendWith provides a closer feature for JUnit 5 - 94What does the @TestFactory annotation do?This annotation is supported by JUnit 5 only and helps the creation of dynamic or runtime tests.
It returns a stream of data as collection and cannot use lifecycle callback annotations - 95Mention different methods of exception handling in JUnit?There are different methods of exception handling in JUnit
Try catch idiom
With the JUnit rule
With @Test annotation
With catch exception library
With customs annotation - 96Explain who should use JUnit – a developer or a tester? Why do you use JUnit to test your code?JUnit is more often used by developers to implement unit tests in JAVA.It is designed for unit testing that is more of a coding process and not a testing process.However, many testers and QA engineers use JUnit for unit testing.
JUnit is used because:
It tests early and does automate testing.
JUnit tests can be compiled with the build so that at the unit level, regression testing can be done.
It allows test code re-usage.
JUnit tests behave as a document for the unit tests when there is a transfer. - 97What assert() does in JUnit?assert() is used to compare actual and expected results in JUnit.It has various implementations like assertEquals(),assertArrayEquals(),assertFalse(), assertNotNull(), etc.
- 98Differentiate TDD and BDD?The key difference is the scope.TDD is a development practice while BDD is a team methodology.In TDD, the developers write the tests while in BDD the automated specifications are created by users or testers (with developers wiring them to the code under test.)
- 99Why do we need Unit testing?Unit tests help to fix bugs early in the development cycle and save costs.
It helps the developers to understand the testing code base and enables them to make changes quickly.
Good unit tests serve as project documentation.
Unit tests help with code reuse.Migrate both your code and your tests to your new project.Tweak the code until the tests run again. - 100What is the purpose of Assumptions in JUnit5?Assumptions provide static methods to support conditional test execution based on assumptions.A failed assumption results in a test being aborted.
Assumptions are typically used whenever it does not make sense to continue the execution of a given test method.In the test report, these tests will be marked as passed.
The assumptions class has three methods with many overloaded forms:
assumeFalse(): validates the given assumption to be false. assumeTrue(): validates the given assumption to be true. assumingThat(): executes the supplied Executable, but only if the supplied assumption is valid. - 101Can we have Non-Public test methods in JUnit 5?JUnit 5 test classes and test methods are not required to be public.We can now make them package-protected.
JUnit internally uses reflection to find test classes and test methods.Reflection can discover them even if they have limited visibility, so there is no need for them to be public. - 102What is the purpose of the @RepeatedTest annotation in JUnit 5?JUnit Jupiter provides the ability to repeat a test a specified number of times by annotating a method with @RepeatedTest and specifying the total number of repetitions desired.