Flashcards

Elements

Zahraa Al Awadi Inglês 25 flashcards

Flashcards do conjunto (25)

1What are atoms?Atoms are the building blocks of every substance in the universe.
2What are elements?Elements are substances that are made up of only one type of atom.
3How many types of atoms are there?There are around 100 different types of atoms.
4What are properties?Properties are a unique set of characteristics found in an element.
5What are metallic and non-metallic elements?Metallic elements are elements that include such as aluminium, iron. gold, silver and mercury. Non-metallic elements are elements that can either be solids or gases at room temperature. They include gases such as fluorine, neon, chlorine, nitrogen, etc.
6What is an STM microscope?An STM microscope is a Scanning Tunneling Microscope that is able to obtain images of atoms. It is the only microscope that is able to do so.
7What are malleable elements?Malleable elements are elements that can be bent or hammered, such as different types of metals.
8What are ductile elements?Ductile elements are elements that can be stretched into wires.
9How many known elements are there? How many of them occur naturally?There are only 118 known elements but only 92 occur naturally.
10What is the periodic table?The periodic table is a table that lists the elements from lightest to heaviest which help scientists understand their physical properties.
11What are monatomic elements?Monatomic elements are elements that are made of a single atom.
12What are molecules?Molecules are clusters of two ore more atoms joined together.
13What are lattices?Lattices are large grid-like structures of atoms.
14How many monatomic elements are there and what are they?There are 6 monatomic elements; helium (He), krypton (Kr), argon (Ar), neon (Ne), radon (Rn) and xenon (Xe).
15What are molecular elements?Molecular elements are elements that are made up of molecules. The molecules inside the molecular elements are all identical, having the same shape, size, number and type of atoms.
16What does oxygen consist of?Oxygen consists of billions of oxygen molecules. Each oxygen molecule consists of merely two oxygen atoms, which each contain their own different formula.
17Why is carbon unique among other non-metallic elements?Carbon is the most unique among other non-metallic elements because it can create molecules of almost any size. The most famous molecule is called the buckyball.
18What is the buckyball?The buckyball is a spherical molecule consisting of 60 carbon atoms arranged in the form of a soccer ball.
19Why are diamonds the hardest natural substance on Earth?They are the hardest natural substance because the carbon atoms within them are strongly bonded to each other in four different directions.
20What's the percentage of metals in the elements?80% of the known elements are metals.
21What do the atoms in metals form?Atoms in metals do not form molecules. Instead, they form something known as crystal lattices.
22How strong is the bond between the lattices within the metal?The bond between the lattices are weakly joined together, which allows the metal to be bent and drawn into wires.
23What do crystal lattices do?Crystal lattices make the metal solid and strong at room temperature (with the exception of mercury since it's a liquid).
24What's the difference between metallic and non-metallic lattices?Without breaking the lattice, the atoms in metallic lattices can easily slide and move over each other, which explains why metals can be bent.
25Can both metals and non-metals form crystal lattices?Yes, they both can.