4518782
Description
Mind Map by Lilac Potato, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Lilac Potato
over 6 years ago
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GCSE AQA Chemistry 1 Elements & Compounds
- Atoms
- Nucleus in
the middle
- Contains protons
& neutrons
- Protons = Positive
Neutrons = Neutral
- Positive charge overall
- Positive charge overall
- Protons = Positive
Neutrons = Neutral
- Contains protons
& neutrons
- Electrons
- Move around nucleus in shells
- Negatively charged
- Negatively charged
- Move around nucleus in shells
- No overall charge
- No. of protons =
no. of electrons
- Add/remove electrons -
atom becomes charged (ion)
- Add/remove electrons -
atom becomes charged (ion)
- No. of protons =
no. of electrons
- Nucleus in
the middle
- Elements
- Contain 1
type of atom
- No. of protons
decides type
- No. of protons
decides type
- About 100 different ones
- Contain 1
type of atom
- The Periodic Table
- Elements with
similar properties in
same group/column
- All elements in group
have same no. of
electrons in outer shell
- All elements in group
have same no. of
electrons in outer shell
- Top number: Mass no.
- Total no. of protons & electrons
- Total no. of protons & electrons
- Bottom number: Atomic no.
- No. of protons (same
as no. of electrons)
- No. of protons (same
as no. of electrons)
- Elements with
similar properties in
same group/column
- Electron shells
- Lowest energy shells
always filled first
- Only certain no. allowed in
each shell: 2 in 1st shell, 8
in 2nd shell & 8 in 3rd shell
- Full shells are ideal
- Otherwise will react to fill
- Otherwise will react to fill
- Lowest energy shells
always filled first
- Compounds
- Form chemical bonds with other atoms to make
compounds - difficult to separate again
- Making bonds: Giving away/taking/sharing electrons
- Making bonds: Giving away/taking/sharing electrons
- Ionic Bonding
- Metal & Non-metal -> IONS
- Metal atoms lose electrons to form positive ions
- Non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negative ions
- Opposite charges strongly
attracted to each other
- Opposite charges strongly
attracted to each other
- Non-metal atoms gain electrons to form negative ions
- Metal atoms lose electrons to form positive ions
- Metal & Non-metal -> IONS
- Covalent bonding
- Non metals -> MOLECULES
- Sharing electrons
- Makes enough to
fill outer shell
- Makes enough to
fill outer shell
- Sharing electrons
- Non metals -> MOLECULES
- Properties of compound different from original elements'
- Can be lattices/molecules
- Can be lattices/molecules
- Form chemical bonds with other atoms to make
compounds - difficult to separate again