Week 6

1940

1930

1920

1910

1900

Upton Sinclair publishes "The Jungle" in 1906, revealing the brutal exploitation of labor in the meatpacking industry

1890

1880

Jacob Riis publishes How the Other Half Lives, a scathing indictment of living and working conditions in the city’s slums.

(1909-1934) Offspring of the Niagara Movement, the NAACP attacked Washington and urged black Americans to concede to nothing, to make no compromises and advocate for equal rights under the law.

1870

Many states passed laws in the 1870s to check the growing power of Big businesses like meatpacking, railroads, telegraph lines, oil, or steel

Theodore Roosevelt was a reform Republican who ascended to the presidency after the death of William McKinley in 1901. He pushed for anti-trust legislations and regulations.

Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 aimed to limit anticompetitive practices, such as those institutionalized in cartels and monopolistic corporations. declared that not all monopolies were illegal, only those that “unreasonably” stifled free trade.

Clayton Anti-Trust Act of 1914 substantially enhanced the Sherman Act, specifically regulating mergers, price discrimination, and protecting labor’s access to collective bargaining and related strategies of picketing, boycotting, and protesting.

This led to the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act 0f 1906

Jane Adams founded the Hull House in 1889

The Hull house worked to provide for the communities, better sanitation, and workers rights.

19th Amendment was ratified in 1920 giving voting rights to everyone dispite gender

After the extinction of the passenger pigeons women starting fighting for birds which resulted in National Wildlife Refugees to protect birds from extinction.

Booker T. Washington developed a thirst to learn. He matriculated into Hampton University then founded the Tuskegee Institute in 1881

Washington envisioned Tuskegee’s contribution to black life to come through industrial education and vocational training. He believed that such skills would help African Americans too accomplish economic independence while developing a sense of self-worth and pride of accomplishment, even while living within the putrid confines of Jim Crow.

Alice Paul led the National Women Party which organized marches and protests to demand voting rights.

John Muir, a naturalist, writer, and founder of the Sierra Club, invoked the “God of the Mountains” in his defense of the Hetch Hetchy in its supposedly pristine condition.

Gifford Pinchot, arguably the father of American forestry and a key player in the federal management of national forests, meanwhile emphasized what he understood to be the purpose of conservation.

President Woodrow Wilson declared his support for women's suffrage in 1918 and eventually ratified the 19th amendment.

(1908) William Howard Taft, firmly believed in court-oriented trust-busting and during his four years in office more than doubled the quantity of monopoly break-ups that occurred during Roosevelt’s seven years in office. Taft notably went after Carnegie’s U.S. Steel, the world’s first billion-dollar corporation.