Swallowing

Swallowing

1. Preparatory Phase Oral

   • Preparatory
     • Open Mouth
       • Sub atmospheric pressure
         • Mastication
           • Open Oralpharyngeal
   • Transfer
     • Swallow bits at a time
       • Seal off food from vestible
         • Pressure wave towards pharynx
           • Brace yourself
             • Pressure sucks down bolus

2. Transport Phase Pharyngeal

   • Between Oropharyngeal sphincter AND
     • Upper Oesophageal sphincter
       • 4 exits
         • upper airway
         • Lower airway
           • These 3 seal off
             • entrance and exit through pharynx in 1 sec
               • 40cm/sec down to 4cm/sec so to breath
                 • with food or on own accord with saliva build up
                   • Soft palate elevated to shut nose
                   • Larynx pulled up and forward to meet food
                     • Intrinsic Muscles of larynx abduct
                       • This allows eppiglotis to close over larynx
                         • Pharyngo-oesopageal sphincter opens to allow bolus
                           • Oral pharyngeal
                             • Dysplasia (Difficulty swallowing
                               • Stroke
                                 • MS
                                   • Bells Palsy
                                     • Parkinsons
         • Oral cavity

3. Oseophagael Transport Phase

   • Peristalsis
     • Waves in Oesophagus
       • Vagus innervation
         • Pressure higher in stomach
           • unctional sphincter to stop regurg
             • Oesophageal