Orbitals

Orbitals

1. Quantum numbers

   • Numbers used to describe electrons in atoms
   • Principal quantum number, n, indicates shell electrons are in

2. Atomic orbital

   • A region within an atom that can hold up to two electrons with opposite spins
   • S orbital
     • Spherical shape
     • Only one per shell
   • P orbital
     • Hourglass shape
     • Each shell can have 3
   • D orbital
     • Each shell can have 5

3. Notation

   • Lithium
     • 1s(2), 2s(1)
   • Sodium
     • 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s1
   • S orbital must always be filled first