Multi-store memory model

Multi-store memory model

1. sensory memory

   • Memory through the senses. It stays in the sensory store for a very brief period for about 3 seconds. If a person attention is focused then the data is transferred to the STM.
     • Attention is the key in this process
   • Sperling
     • They saw a grid of digits and letters for 50 milliseconds. They were asked to write down all 12 items or they were told they were tone and immediately after the exposure and they should write down that row.
       • When they asked to report recall of the whole thing was poor (42%) than when asked to give one row recall was 75%
         • Shows information decays rapidly,
     • LInks to multi store memory model
       • Shows how sensory memory is and demonstrates how important attention is.

2. Short term memory

   • Information held in the STM can quickly disappear 18 seconds if its not rehearsed as the STM has a limited capacity of about 7 items.
     • Rehearsal is key in this process
   • Glanzer and Cunitz
     • They gave participants a list of 20 words, presented one at a time and then asked them to recall.
       • They tended to remember words at the start of the list and near the end but not in the middle.
         • These words are best rehearsed and transferred to LTM. The middle effect occurs cause those words are in the short term memory when asked to recall.
       • How it links to MSMM
         • It demonstrates elaborative rehearsal

3. long term memory

   • Through the process of elaborative information can be transferred from the STM to the LTM. This is the key.
   • PET scans and fMRI
     • Research has found that the prefrontal cortex is active when working on a task in STM. Hippocrampus is active when LTM is engaged.
   • How it links to MSMM
     • Shows different parts of the brain works on different tasks

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