Unit Test

Unit Test

1. Physical & Chemical changes

   • Physical Change- when matter changes size, shape, form, or state but does not change its chemical makeup.
   • EX Physical Change- Painting a fence
   • Chemical change- a change in matter in which the matter change into different matter with different physical and chemical properties; changes its chemical identity
     • 5 signs of a chemical change
       • Precipitate -a solid forms when two different solutions chemically combine
         • EX:If we combine calcium chloride and sodium bicarbonate solutions, it will form calcium carbonate (chalk), carbon dioxide, salt, and water
       • Bubbling/Production of a gas Formation of a new gas
       • Burning/Fire The energy the reaction produces is enough to make heat and/or light
       • Unexpected Temperature Change The temperature increases or decreases during the reaction without your adding or removing thermal energy
       • Unexpected Color Change The color of the matter changes during the reaction without your painting it, dying it, or adding color in any way
   • EX Chemical change- Cooking a loaf of bread

2. States of Matter

   • Kinetic Energy (KE): energy a moving object has because of its motion
   • Thermal Energy (TE): the energy of heat
   • Temperature: measurement of the average kinetic energy of an object
   • Solid: shape does not change, volume does not change
   • Liquid: shape can change, volume does not change - takes the shape of the container
   • Gas: shape can change, volume can change - takes the shape of the container - takes the volume of the container

3. Properties of matter

   • property: characteristic used to describe something
   • physical property: a characteristic of matter that can be observed w/o changing ID of matter
   • Mass: amt of matter in an object; basically counting the # of particles in an object
   • Volume: the amt of space something takes up
   • Conductivity: how well something transfers heat or electricity
   • Boiling Point: the temp at which a liquid becomes a gas
   • Melting Point: the temp at which a solid becomes a liquid
   • State of Matter: whether something is a solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature
   • Solubility: how well one substance can dissolve in another substance/mixture
   • Density: measurement of how close or compact the particles are
   • Magnetism: attractive force of some metals

4. Classifying matter

   • Matter: anything that has volume and mass
     • Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms Different types of matter are made of different atoms or combinations of atoms Matter can be solid, liquid OR gas
     • Examples of Matter: Air Ice cube Living things
     • Energy is NOT matter because: Energy does not have mass Energy does not have volume
       • Non-Examples of Matter: Heat (thermal energy) Light Electricity
     • classifying matter
       • SUBSTANCE – type of matter with a fixed composition that cannot be separated by physical means; made up of one thing/ingredient
       • Element – substance made up of atoms with the same identity two atoms of the same element can be chemically combined - "molecule"
       • Compound – atoms of two or more different elements chemically combined
       • MIXTURE – material made up of two or more different substances that can be separated by physical means; made up of two or more different things/ingredients
       • Homogeneous – mixture in which two or more substances are uniformly spread out – it looks the SAME throughout, even under a microscope