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159481
Theories of Development
Descrição
Finals Child Development Mapa Mental sobre Theories of Development, criado por seapsych em 04-08-2013.
Sem etiquetas
child development
child development
finals
Mapa Mental por
seapsych
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
seapsych
quase 11 anos atrás
253
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0
Resumo de Recurso
Theories of Development
Domains of Development:
physical
maturation of brain & CNS
motor
sensory/perceptual
language
cognition
emotional
social
personality
moral
Behaviourism
(Watson)
development observed via overt BH
development from learned associations / responses in environment
Little Albert - conditioned fear response to rat
(Bandura 1977)
Social-learning Theory
Operant AND Observational Learning
People are cognitive, info-processing beings
Anticipation/belief of/in outcome shapes DEV
Observational learning = learning from observing BH of others
(Skinner 1953)
Operant Learning Theory
Development shaped by external stimuli
consequences = reinforcers or punishers
Precise & Testable
aids Bh modification techs
gives info about all dev aspects
Psychoanalytic Theories
(Erikson)
8 Psychosocial Stages
Oral: trust vs mistrust
Anal: autonomy vs shame
Phallic:initiative vs guilt
Latency: industry vs inferiority
Genital:identity vs role confusion
Young Adulthood: intimacy vs isolation
Adulthood: generativity vs stagnation
Maturity: ego integrity vs despair
(Freud)
Sexual
Cognitive Development
(Piaget 1960's)
CHildren active explorers=Schemas
4 DEV Stages
1. Sensorimotor
2. Preoperational
3. Concrete Operations
4. Formal Operations =
assimilation & accommodation = resolving disequilibriums
= adaptation to environment
Information Processing
Mind = Computer
Info flows in-->operated on-->output - answers, inferences, solutions
Cognitive DEV = age-related changes in mind's hardware (brain) & software (mental processes eg attention,memory)
Brain-maturation = faster info processing
influenced by experiences, ie the problems presented to children
Probs = not naturalistic eg lab conditions, underestimates diversity of cognition
BIological/Evolutionary
(Bowlby 1973)
humans born with adaptive attributes thru natural selection
adaptive attributes = DEV = survival
humans influenced by experiences
'sensitive periods' = times when certaiin adaptive characteristics arelikelyto DEV, provided environ supports DEV
biologically-influenced attributes affect the type of learningexperiences received
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