STRUCTURES

STRUCTURES

1. Definition of structure

   • A structure is a collection of elements arranged in an optimum way to suppot a body or an object

2. Types of structures

   • Frame structure: These structures are formed by columns and beams that act as supporting elements
   • Truss structure: these structures are composed of bars that form triangles. They are lightweight and sturdy
   • Suspended structure: These are held in place by cables and suspenders attached to sturdy suppots
   • Mass structure: There are solid, heavy and very sturdy structures

3. Condition for strong structures

   • Rigidity: if a material is rigid, it does not chage shape when a force is applied to it
   • Stability: A body is in stable equilibrium if it does not move when a force is applied to it
   • Equilibrium: A body is in equilibrium when its structure remains stationary

4. Type of stress

   • Compresion: stress caused by a pushing force that attempts to squash or shorten
     • Tension: stress caused by a pulling force that attempts to strech or lengthen
       • Bending: stress caused by a flexing force that attemps to deform
         • Torsion: stress caused by a force that makes a body twist or turn
           • Shear: stress caused by a sliding force taht pulls in opposite directions and attemps to cut throught the object

5. Elements that increase rigidity

   • Trussing
     • Triangles
       • Diagonal bar
         • Brace
     • Stay cables
       • Sections
         • beams
           • columns

6. Force, stresses and strenght

   • Stresses are the physicaql demands that a body or object must withstand
   • A force is an influence that can deform a body or chaNGE ITS MOVEMENT
   • Strenght of a material is its ability to withstand externa forces